Term
| The average magazine contains about 50 percent ad copy and 50 percent editorial activity. T/F |
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Definition
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Term
| According to most researchers, small nondaily papers in the US are consensus oriented rather than conflict oriented T/F |
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Definition
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Term
| Once strongly influenced by books, television and film now look elsewhere for most of their story ideas. T/F |
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Definition
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Term
| The computer was the first electronic medium. T/F |
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Definition
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Term
| The most influential magazines of the 19th century were targeted at women. T/F |
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Definition
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Term
| The number of new book titles produced has steadily decline since the advent of the internet. T/F |
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Definition
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Term
| With the advent of the printing press, the printed newspaper became the first mass-marketed product in history. T/F |
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Definition
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Term
| Literary journalism uses the devices of fiction to construct a portrait of the real world using nonfictional experiences. T/F |
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Definition
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Term
| The mass media passes through 5 historical stages.. |
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Definition
| Oral, Written, Print, Electronic, Digital |
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Term
| Penny press newspaper favored _______ stories |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| when ads in national magazines are tailored for geographic areas |
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Term
| The division of the book industry that makes the most money is |
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Definition
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Term
| What factors had an effect on the dramatic growth in magazine circulation around the end of the 19th century? |
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Definition
| cheaper postal rates, improved rail systems, lower cover price |
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Term
| Which developments spawned the rise of interpretive journalism in the 1930s and 1940s? |
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Definition
| The Great depressions, Nazi threat to global stability, world's increasing economy and political interconnectivity |
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Term
| The Saturday Evening Post was the first prominent magazines to appeal directly to |
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Definition
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Term
| The ______________ is a technique of journalism that answers who, what, where, and when questions at the top of the story |
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Definition
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Term
| Between 80 and 90 percent of new movies lose money during their theatrical release T/F |
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Definition
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Term
| The telecommunications act set off an unprecedented consolidation in radio station ownership T/F |
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Definition
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Term
| When a studio engaged in block booking, it____________________ |
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Definition
| required exhibitors to book a large number of new or marginal pictures in order to get the movies they really wanted |
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Term
| The paramount decision decided major film studios could no longer control which economic division of the business? |
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Definition
| all. production, distribution, and exhibition. |
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Term
| The act that first emphasized that broadcasters did not own their channels but were granted licenses provided they operated in the public interest, convenience, or necessity was the _________ act |
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Definition
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Term
| What is vertical integration? |
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Definition
| Controlling production, distribution, and exhibition of a cultural product by one company |
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Term
| What was the originial motivation for developing the internet? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Wireless Ship Act of 1910 played a critical role in... |
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Definition
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Term
| The illegal practice of record promoters paying DJs or programmers to play particular songs is called |
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Definition
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Term
| The first national electronic mass medium was |
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Definition
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Term
| What amendment changed censorship on media? |
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Definition
| 1st amendment- freedom of press, specch, religion |
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Term
| What type of competing journalism has more analysis, rise of political column, competition from radio and tv |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of competing models of journalism uses fiction writing techniques, and abandoned the inverted pyramid and had longer feature stories |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of competing models of journalism uses a journalist advocating a certain topic? |
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Definition
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Term
| What competing models of journalism uses colorful, slick, visual, and mimics broadcast news? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the different types of records |
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Definition
| Victrola, Replaced by electric records, polyvinyl plastic records |
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Term
| Name 3 different types of television |
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Definition
| TV magazines, cable news, variety shows |
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Term
| Who was accused of giving up military secrets when he tried to "calm" Hitler down and is called the founder of public relations? |
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Definition
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Term
| Made green fashionable for cigerettes, and is called the father of public relations |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the 4 values that shape the news? |
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Definition
| ethnocentrism, responsible capitalism, snall town pastorialism, indivdual ism |
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Term
| Earliest ad agencies were |
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Definition
| newspaper space brokers. they Bought newspaper space, sold it to merchants |
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Term
| ________ established the first “modern” U.S. ad agency. |
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Definition
| N. W. Ayer. Worked for advertisers, product companies, not newspapers. Wrote, produced, and placed ads. |
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Term
| single biggest triumph in advertising |
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Definition
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Term
| By the end of the 1800s half the ads were for ____________ |
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Definition
| patent medicines or department stores. |
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Term
| Federal Food and Drug Act passed in 1906 in response to.. |
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Definition
| Many patent medicines were dangerous and/or fraudulent. |
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Term
| Today more than __% of the space in large daily papers is consumed by ads. |
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Definition
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Term
| How did ads change american life? |
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Definition
| Influenced transition from producer-directed society to consumer-driven society (stimulating demand), Promoted new technological advances that made life easier, Encouraged economic growth by increasing sales |
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Term
| Founded in the 1940s, created important campaigns like Smokey the Bear (“Only you can prevent forest fires”) |
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Definition
| Emphasized advertising’s power for social good. Ad Council - PSAs. |
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Term
| Created by business community to keep tabs on deceptive advertising |
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Definition
| Better Business Bureau - 1913 |
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Term
| Tracked advertising’s audience so publishers couldn’t lie about viewer numbers |
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Definition
| Audit Bureau of Circulation - 1914 |
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Term
| created by government to help monitor advertising abuses |
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Definition
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Term
| Self-regulation within ad industry |
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Definition
| American Association of Advertising Agencies (AAAA) |
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Term
| Top four mega-agencies in 2008 |
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Definition
Omnicom
WPP
Interpublic
Publicis |
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Term
| Often founded by designers and graphic artists empowered by visual revolution of the 1960s |
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Definition
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Term
| Develop effective ad strategy by combining views of the client, creative team and consumers |
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Definition
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Term
| age, race, gender, occupation, education, income |
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Definition
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Term
| attitudes, beliefs, interests, motivations |
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Definition
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Term
| Writers and artists outline rough sketch of ads, storyboard. |
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Definition
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Term
| choose and purchase the types of media best suited to carry a client’s ad and reach the target audience |
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Definition
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Term
| responsible for bringing in new business and managing the accounts of established clients |
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Definition
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Term
| _______ speech is protected under the First Amendment. |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ speech is more subject to case law. |
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Definition
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Term
| Ads featuring gross exaggeration which no reasonable person would take literally “World’s Best” “America’s Favorite” |
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Definition
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Term
| Mislead reasonable consumers based on statements in the ad or omissions. Requires scientific evidence to back up claims “4 out of 5 doctors agree” |
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Definition
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Term
Deliberate
Planned
Performance
Public Interest
are parts of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| ___________ generates public understanding & fosters goodwill for an organization creating an environment in which the organization can thrive |
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Definition
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Term
| PR messages can be directed to ______ or _____ audiences |
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Definition
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Term
| A media market with many producers and sellers but only a few products within a particular category |
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Definition
| limited competition industry |
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Term
| Different ways of collecting revenue.. |
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Definition
| direct and indirect payment |
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Term
| Consumer buys media products directly (book, CD, cable service) |
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Definition
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Term
Products supported by advertisers
you pay later in each advertised product’s cost |
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Definition
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Term
| Outlawed the monopoly practices and corporate trusts that often fixed prices to force competitors out of business |
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Definition
| Sherman Anti-Trust Act, 1890 |
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Term
| Prohibited manufacturers from selling only to dealers and contractors who agreed to reject the products of business rivals |
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Definition
| Clayton Anti-Trust Act, 1914 |
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Term
| Further strengthened antitrust rules by limiting any corporate mergers and joint ventures that reduced competition |
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Definition
| Celler-Kefauver Act, 1950 |
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Term
| _____________ lifted most restrictions on how many radio and TV stations one corporation could own. |
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Definition
| Telecommunications Act of 1996 |
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Term
| _____________ lifted most restrictions on how many radio and TV stations one corporation could own. |
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Definition
| Telecommunications Act of 1996 |
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Term
| Business Tendencies in Media Industries |
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Definition
flexible economy. (Emphasize new trends, shifts w/ market needs
Cheap labor, quick high-volume sales) and downsizing |
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Term
| ____________ the acceptance of the dominant values in a culture by those who are subordinate to those who hold economic and political power |
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Definition
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Term
| The promotion and sale of different versions of a media product across the various subsidiaries of a media conglomerate |
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Definition
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Term
| Attempts to understand, explain, and predict the effects of mass media on individuals and society |
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Definition
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Term
Only media enterprise that democracy absolutely requires
Only media practice/business that is specifically mentioned & protected by the US Constitution |
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Definition
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Term
Conflict
Timeliness
Proximity
Prominence
Human interest
Consequence
Usefulness
Novelty
Deviant, the bizarre |
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Definition
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Term
| compare absolutists to situational ethics |
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Definition
absolutists- black or white. ethical or not ethical.
situational- grey area. depends on situation. |
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Term
| what is the spiral of silience? |
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Definition
| idea that people believe their opinion is the minority, so they don't speak up |
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Term
Seek Truth and Report It
Minimize Harm
Act Independently
Be Accountable |
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Definition
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Term
| created “the founding book in American media studies," Apply principles of psychology to journalism, Emphasized data collection & numerical measurement |
|
Definition
| Walter Lippmann – Public Opinion (1922) |
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Term
| Harold Lasswell: defined __________ as “the control of opinion by significant symbols, . . . by stories, rumors, reports, pictures and other forms of social communication.” |
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Definition
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Term
| research that measures attitude |
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Definition
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Term
| research that measures behavior |
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Definition
| social psychology studies |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Media shoots effects directly into unsuspecting victims
Sometimes called “Magic Bullet” Theory |
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Definition
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Term
Rise of empirical research techniques
Media alone cannot cause people to change behavior/attitudes
Selective exposure leads to reinforcement of existing beliefs |
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Definition
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Term
Contests notion of audience passivity
Why do people use media?
Focused on uses and function of media |
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Definition
| Uses and gratifications model |
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Term
Hypothesis
Experimental design
Survey research
Content analysis |
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Definition
| Most Media Research Employs Scientific Method |
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Term
| link between violent media programs and aggressive behavior |
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Definition
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Term
| The more time you spend absorbing TV’s viewpoints, the more likely your views of social reality will be “cultivated” by what you see on TV |
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Definition
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Term
| food channel for cooks, golf channel for golfers |
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Definition
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Term
| as long as what is being printed is true, is it legal. laid out for first amendment. |
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Definition
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