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| Medium is dereivd from the Latin word |
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| Communication comes from the Latin word |
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| traditional community - tight nit |
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| Modern urban - disjointed |
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| What is the essence of Berger an Luckmans' Soical construction of reality? |
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| theres a reality that exist but we have to negotiate the meaning of the reality |
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| Interpersonal Converstations |
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| one to one - communicator can select audience ..interplay= feedback |
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one to many
senindg out a message and don't know whos recieving
interplay = wait for feedback |
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| "media provide an ever larger part of the imagery and soundrack of peoples memories" |
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| rember things because we had some sort of media representation of it. no a direct experience |
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| Why do criticisms of new culture often turn into criticisms of the media that carry them? |
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resist change
shoot the messenger |
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| "we live in a world of media, but not a media world?" |
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| theres a reality outside the media |
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| communication the magical soultion? |
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| no ...not enough, can make worse, too simplistic |
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| transmit a messaer to one another |
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| based on the idea of common culture which is the basic context of communication |
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| assumptions and weaknesses of transission model |
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| why is it important to recognize the context of the media in respect to its power? |
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shares power with other institutions
context of its meaning will have little impact if institution is weak |
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| Dewey's consensus model in repect to the role of mass communication |
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Definition
what creates a common culture, identity and nation
way groups in society understand and acept each other |
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| conflict theories views of communication |
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controlling factor - under control of those with power
unequal distribution of resources and the media has the power to chose what issues to cover |
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| history of commmunications fundamentally shaped the direction of human endeavor and social live |
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creat the individual - privacy
social movements to grow - print
growth of ideology
knowledgeable public |
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| 4 communication narratives that Grossberg analyzed |
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| Oral, Writing, Print, and electronic |
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| pace of change in communication narratives |
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| faster and faster between phases |
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| Grossberg's "technological determinism" warning |
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| don't associate every change in society to technology - attributes but not the reason |
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get together and share common belie
mass media - enter public sphere through media technology |
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| "debates about power of media are debates about the future" |
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it this change importat to our societies future?
positive and negative views |
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| rapid development of communication technologies conributed to postmodernity |
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computers and other information media
ex: Jameson's sky scrapers |
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| collection of segregated isoloated individuals who are interdependent but they lack a centralized unifying purpose - only loosely bound together |
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| "mass society" in America |
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| early 1900s - womans sufferage, child labor laws, new technologies |
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idea that the media can create one stimulus that is dynamic enough that everyone in society will recieve it and respond the same way
WW1 - in need of a united feeling (geimnshaft)
Darwin - most behaviors are inherited and theirfore uniform |
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sociology and psychology found that soicety wasn't as disjointed
darwins theory not true - cultural factors instead |
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| 2 step flow of communication |
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| ideas flow from sender to opinion leaders who mediate them and pass them |
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| survey results in 40s and 50s of america |
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Definition
| people value personal influence more than opinion leaders |
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| Why was the notion of a two- step communicatino process important? |
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Definition
| changed how media might reac a target audience |
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| One step flow by bennett and Mannheim |
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targeting messages to individuals
mass media is more fragmented and can target smaller groups and individuals due to technology |
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| allot of personal interaction |
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| assumptions of one step model |
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| social membership is on a decline |
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| How is media shaped by organizational and cultural forces? |
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| content is function of ideological postions and maitains status quo |
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| importance of considering the level of analysis when examining mass comm |
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| diffrences media reside within own society and culture |
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| people involved in the production of mass media importance |
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| individual differences - w/o ppl wouldnt be possible |
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| follow patterns of old media? |
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| routines - compeition - resitance to change? |
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| roles Journalist commonly see themselves playing and circumstances they tend to become more investigative than neutral |
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interprator roles
when government or higher figure steps in Journalist have to become more adversarial |
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| role of media in education poulace |
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Kids watchin
Channel 1 - advertisng
dependent on tv and newspapers for news |
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| role of media when contributing to healthcare |
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| roles of media in law enforcement |
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| cop shows, csi - criminology studying |
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| notable characteristics of media created outside traditional media organizations |
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| innovative, risk taking, jurnalists |
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| "Good Night and Good Luck" |
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Definition
smoking in the movies you should too
advertisers were spending money they had a say in the programing and managment had tough decisions to make regarding |
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| profit drivers and risks differ |
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| supply and demand, adertising revenues, larger audiences larger income ,investments |
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| 3 reasons for digital tv transition |
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| free up signal, auction extra space - money, emergency frequencies |
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| date for digitial tv transition |
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| date for digitial tv transition |
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| political tv changer rather than commercial action |
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government steped in making it a law
is it a right for americans to have tv? |
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| political tv changer rather than commercial action |
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government steped in making it a law
is it a right for americans to have tv? |
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| content theory distpute magic bullet |
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| complex structure meaning is not direct |
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| science of signs...nature |
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| encoding and decoding fit into transfer of meaning for a sender to reciever |
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| sender encodes based on experince - reciever decods based on theirs |
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| cultural model address maing and interperation of meaning |
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| through shared lanugage we can express meaning of overall society process of gernerating |
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| ideas u can't physically hold - justice and truth |
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| something that stands for something else (stop sign) |
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whole pattern put together
systematic structure of organization |
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| elements of deSaussure's process of signification |
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signifier and signified
tree - see the word and mind draws the picture |
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| because its located in the codes and has to be learned |
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| codes importance for a society and lives |
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lives within its own codes of meaning it produces for itself
creates maps by which we live our lives and live in them |
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first order of signification
describes their relationship physical aspect to mental aspect |
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second word
associate meaning to something else beyond the obvious
needs cultural understanding to reach level |
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| how semisolgy helps to understand mass media and limitations |
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good for revealing more of underlying meaning
limitation - requires a knowledge of the culture (codes) |
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