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Masonry
n/a
26
Architecture
Undergraduate 3
07/06/2011

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Cards

Term
Masonry
Definition
building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar
Term
common materials of masonry construction
Definition
brick, stone (granite, travertine, limestone), concrete block, glass block, tile
Term
What affects the durability of the overall masonry construction?
Definition
the materials used, the quality of the mortar and workmanship, and the pattern that the units are laid
Term
Baker House
Definition
designed by Finnish architect Alvar Aalto; dormitory at MIT; completed 1949; considered a seminal Modernist building that helped define the look of things to come in the U.S.
Term
Advantages of Brick
Definition

increase thermal mass of a building, very heat resistant, provides good fire protection

 

Term
Disadvantages of Brick
Definition
extreme weather may cause degradation of the surface due to frost damage; must be built upon a firm foundation to avoid potential settling and cracking; high weight increases structural requirements especially in earthquake prone areas
Term
Structural limitations of masonry
Definition
impressive compressive strength (vertical loads) but low in tensile strength (twisting or stetching)
Term
Tensile strength of masonry walls can be strengthened by __________ or ___________.
Definition
thickening the wall, or by building masonry "piers" (vertical columns or ribs) at intervals
Term
building brick
Definition
common brick, most widely used in construction
Term
Grade SW (Sever Weathering)
Definition
used in areas of heavy rain, snow, or continual freezing
Term
Grade MW (Moderate Weathering)
Definition
used in areas of average rain and moderate freezing
Term
Grade NW (No Weathering)
Definition
used in areas of minimal rain and no freezing, as in sheltered or indoor locations
Term
Mortar
Definition
cementitious material used to hold masonry units together; must be compatible with masonry units being used, strength required, and env. conditions
Term
four basic types of mortar
Definition
M, S, N, and O: each with different prop. of cement, lime, aggregate; each has diff. compressive strength
Term
Grout
Definition
similar to mortar, but is mixed to a pouring consistency and used to fill cavities or cores of masonry units
Term
Mortar
Definition
binds individual masonry units together into a wall or building component, sealing the space between the units from air and water
Term
Grout
Definition
bonds the masonry units to the reinforcement
Term
Efforescence
Definition
white powdery deposit or crystallization on the masonry surface caused by soluble salts in the units of mortar (unsightly patches of discoloration)
Term
Tooling
Definition
imparts decorative effect on the wall; makes the joint more watertight by compressing the mortar near the exposed surface
Term
how to achieve water tightness in a brick wall
Definition
select appropriate grade of brick and mortar for the climate; proper tooling of the joints to shed water; proper control-joint locations (to allow the wall to move and expand without cracks)
Term
Concrete Block
Definition
common term for concrete unit masonry (CMU)
Term
classification of CMU
Definition
hollow, loadbearing; solid, loadbearing; hollow, nonloadbearing; solid, nonloadbearing
Term
Equivalent thickness
Definition
solid thickness that would be obtained if the same amount of concrete contained in the hollow unit were recast without holes
Term
structural clay tile
Definition
made from burned clay and formed into hollow units with parallel cells; used for loadbearing masonry walls that will be finished with other materials, used as backup for exterior walls, and used as nonloadbearing interior partitions
Term
two types of structural clay tiles
Definition
side construction and end construction
Term
glass block
Definition
manufactured as either hollow or a solid unit; solid blocks can be used for flooring if correctly supported
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