Term
What do these abbreviations stand for?
TE
NTE
ABG
AC
BC
PL
SRT
WRS
IA |
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Definition
test ear
nontest ear
air-bone gap
air conduction
bone conduction
presentation level
speech reception threshold
word recognition score
interaural attenuation |
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Term
Masking Defined
Method of using sound to ensure
___ ear is being tested by test
signal; using a stimulus to ___ or ___
another stimulus (masking a smell or a
picture or a sound…)
Puretone-use ___ ___
Speech-use ___ ___ noise |
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Definition
| appropriate; hide; obscure; Narrowband noise; Speech weighted |
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Term
ANSI/ASA Definition:
Masking-The process by which the threshold of
hearing for one sound is raised by the
presence of another (___) ___. The amount by which the threshold of hearing for one sound is raised by the
presence of another (masking) sound, expressed in ___. |
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Definition
| (masking) sound; decibels |
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Term
Interaural attenuation:
Sound presented to one ear ___ over
to be heard in the other ear
___ of energy between ears
___ ___ between the hearing
level of the signal test ear and the hearing
level reaching the non-test ear |
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Definition
| crosses; Reduction; Decibel difference |
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Term
Air Conduction IA:
Sound from transducer can be loud
enough to vibrate ___ (causing sound to
be heard through bone transmission)
Sound can travel from the earphone to
the other ear through ___
Dependent on 3 factors
-___ type
-___ spectrum
-Individual ___ |
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Definition
| skull; air; Transducer; Frequency; subject |
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Term
Supra-aural
-IA estimated at ___ dB HL for all frequencies
Circumaural
-IA estimated at ___ dB HL for all frequencies
Insert
-IA estimated at ___ dB HL for frequencies
250-1000 Hz; __ dB HL for frequencies 1500-
8000 Hz |
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Definition
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Term
Speech Audiometry
True interaural attenuation values are
___ for SRT, SDT, and WRS
Supra-aural headphones
-__ dB HL for threshold speech measures
-__ dB HL for suprathreshold speech
measures
Insert earphones
-__ dB HL estimated for speech audiometry |
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Definition
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Term
Bone Conduction
IA depends on ___
Considered __ dB HL for forehead
placement
Between __ to __ dB HL for mastoid
placement
In practice, considered __ dB HL |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Every time there is a possibility the test signal can be perceived in the nontest ear |
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Term
Masking is indicated when the results of
unmasked bone conduction audiometry suggest an air-bone gap of __ dB or greater |
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Definition
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Term
Speech Audiometry
___ ___ of speech (test ear) minus best ___ ___ (non-test ear) > or = IA |
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Definition
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Term
Clinical Masking:
○ ___ masker-Produces an effective level of masking with least overall SPL |
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Definition
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Term
Clinical Masking:
Critical band
○ The only component of noise that has a masking
effect on tone are those within the ___ ___ centered around tone
○ When a tone is just audible in presence of noise, the
total power of the narrow band of noise is equal to the total power of the ___ |
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Definition
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Term
Noise Selection:
-White noise-broadband stimulus that contains ___ energy across a broad range of frequencies. Because of its broadband spectrum, it has the ability to mask puretone stimuli across a ___ range of frequencies |
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Definition
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Term
Noise Selection:
-Narrowband noise-most effective; Sound classed as NOISE which has its energy distributed over a ___ ___ section of the audible range
-Broadband noise-noise whose energy is distributed over a ___ section of the audible range
-Speech spectrum noise-(weighted ___ noise for the masking of speech) typically used as a masker during ___ audiometry. |
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Definition
| relatively small; wide; random; speech |
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Term
Effective Masking Level
○ The amount of effective masking....is equal to the number of dB that a given band of noise ___ a pure-tone threshold...when the band of noise and the pure tone are presented ___ to the same ear
○ Puretone threshold shift relative to __ dB HL provided by a given level of noise |
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Definition
| shifts; simultaneously; 0 |
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Term
| Minimum level of noise that is needed in the nontest ear to eliminate its response to the test signal |
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Definition
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Term
| Maximum level of noise that can be used in the nontest ear that will not change the true threshold or response in the test ear |
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Definition
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Term
| The purpose of clinical masking is what? |
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Definition
| to make the test signal inaudible in the nontest ear; need to avoid undermasking and overmasking |
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Term
2 types of approaches:
-___-those based upon observed shifts in the measured threshold as a function of suprathreshold masker effective levels in the nontest ear
-___-those based upon calculating the approximate acoustic levels of the test and masker signals in the two ears under any given set of conditions and on this basis deriving the required masking level |
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Definition
| Psychoacoustics; Acoustic |
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