1.increased cohabition

2.less young male power

3.females bettering they education

4.more acceptance of premarital sex

a set of roles and rules that define a social importance to society

One adult or two adults who are related by marriage, partnership or shared parenthood who is/are taking care of dependents and themselves

Parents rise the kids until adulthood and share household work and income

Socially thoughts about the roles and behaviors (all girls love pink)

the power that you control and influence others

Network of people related by blood, marriage and adoption

Your try to find or explain or predict a part of social life

Influences the methods and questions

how a family functions in society and how it effects larger society

seeing society is held together by dominant groups or classes, see struggle for power and income in ongoing

The groups we are in influences the way we communicate with that group. ( the way we act)

FEMINEST PERSPECTIVE

Looking out for what benefits you best (ex happier with boy b then boy a so you stick with boy b)

POSTMODERN PERSPECTIVE

Personal life has changes so much over the several decades

Experiments, Surveys, field research

Reflexivity

happens atomically

Hunting and gathering

Earliest human groups, just traveled in groups on 40 searching for food and water, were not smart,

a group of the kin who believed related to a common ancestors. Sometimes mythological

Horticulture Societies

started growing their own food (potatoes)

Agrarian Societies

(3000BC)- used plow for agriculture and used animals to plow

Changes from Hunting and gathering to Both

group size, remained in one place, new jobs such as tools pottery clothes arts..

Men’s role = heavier work of crops

Women’s role = planting and kids

Industrialization

happened in Europe first-

Capitalist economy

production and distribution are controlled by private individuals- guided by profit motive

Phase 1

England textile, iron, coal. first true steam engine.

Phase 2

most of Europe and north America, steam engine used for transportation, machines and fertilizers increased, agricultural production ran by

Phase 3

(1900- 1940)- change is energy tech, cars changed America, media and entertainment started

Phase 4

WWII started nuclear power, computers replaced human lobar

William J. Goode

study of effects of industrialization

Nuclear household

average family size in 1900 - 3.17

Emerged to private families in 1900s

Bilateral kinship

descent and inheritance

Mate section by choice

marriage for love not family picking

Few economic transfers at marriage-

Wedding presents

Egalitarian interactions

increasing democratization and individualism

Kinkeeper

a role that holds family and relationships together (instrumental)

Emotion work

a role that helps to hold relationship together by analyzing and discussing feelings (expressive)

American Indian

Indigenous people in the 48 territories that later became the United States. Married outside clan, both matrilineal and Patrilineal, Maternal uncle-had authority, children more independent and received less physical punishment.

Family was school, vocational training(skills like form trade cook etc)

American Revolution

While middle class - 4 new characteristics-

Marriage- mutual respect

Wives cared for home and kids

Childhood more important

1700s individualism

rise in personal relationships, emotional rewards, individual freedom, 1776 war of independence- life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

Marriage was still seen as being essential

Men’s sphere

world outside the home; reward = pay check

Women’s sphere

morally pure, affection and nurture, and emotional core for husband and children

Women’s sphere

morally pure, affection and nurture, and emotional core for husband and children

African-American families

many children outside marriage, slavery stripped elders of authority

Mexican-American families

Elite Landowners- were the rich ones

Married kids to have made friends with other kins,

Mestizo- people both Spanish and native America

Compadrazgo- rich godparent of the child, special relationship

Barrios- segregated Mexican American neighborhoods in the US

Asian Immigrant Families

- mostly guys,

Remittances- money sent to family members back home

1882- Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act- whites could not marry Asians

Arranged marriage

1965- Immigration act changed the last that blocked Asian immigration

Filipinos came as students

Rise of the Private Family

Premarital sex up, birth rate drop, rising divorce rate

Marriage- central for satisfying private life

Depression

no one got married, if married divorce after, birth rate drops huge,

Baby boom

after depression women is their 30s had kids and the ones in their 20s to

1960s and beyond

1970s birthrate to all time low, rise in cohabitation, divorce rate doubled 1960s-70s, women working outside the home increased

Examined group of children in 1932, children coming from economic hardships valued marriage and family more and women married at younger ages