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marketing ch. 21
u
38
Marketing
Undergraduate 3
12/05/2008

Additional Marketing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Price
Definition
The value exchanged for products in a marketing exchange.
Term
Barter
Definition
The trading of products.
Term
profit=
Definition
Total revenue - total costs
Term

Profits=

Definition
(price * quantity sold) - total costs
Term
Price competition
Definition
Emphasizing price as an issue and matching or beating competitors' prices.
Term
Nonprice competition
Definition
Emphasizing factors other than price to distinguish a product from competing brands.
Term
Demand curve
Definition
A graph of the quantity of products expected to be sold at various prices if other factors remain constant.
Term
Price elasticity of demand
Definition
A measure of the sensitivity of demand to changes in price.
Term
Fixed costs
Definition
Costs that do not vary with changes in the number of units produced or sold. (rent)
Term
Average fixed cost
Definition
The fixed cost per unit produced
Term
Variable costs
Definition
Cost that vary directly with changes in the nuber of units produced or sold
Term
Average variable costs
Definition
The variable cost per unit produced.
Term
Total cost
Definition
The sum of average fixed and average variable costs times the quantity produced.
Term
Average Total costs
Definition
The sum of the average fixed cost and the average variable cost.
Term
Marginal cost (MC)
Definition
The extra cost incurred by producing one more unit of a product.
Term

Marginal revenue (MR)

Definition
The change in total revenue resulting from the sale of an additional unit of a product.
Term
Break-even point
Definition
The point at which the costs of producing a product equal the revenue made fom selling the product.
Term
Internal reference price
Definition
A price developed in the buyer's mind through experience with the product.
Term
External reference price
Definition

A comparison price provided by others.

Term
Value Conscious
Definition
Concerned about price and quality of a product.
Term
Price conscious
Definition
Striving to pay low prices.
Term
Prestige sensitive
Definition
Drawn to products that signify prominence
Term
Price discrimination
Definition
Employing price differentials that injure competition by giving one or more buyers a competitive advantage.
Term
Trade (functional) discount
Definition
A reduction off the list price a producer gives to an intermediary for erforming certain functions.
Term
quantity discount
Definition
A deduction from list price for purchasing in large quantities.
Term
Cumulative discount
Definition
A quantity discount aggregated over a stated period.
Term
noncumulative discount
Definition
A one-time price reduction based on the number of units purchased, the size of the order, or the product combination purchased.
Term
Cash discount
Definition
A price reduction given to buyers for prompt payment or cash payment.
Term
Seasonal discount
Definition
A price reduction given to buyers for purchasing goods or services out of season.
Term
Allowance
Definition
A concession in price to achieve a desired goal.
Term
Geographic pricing
Definition
Reductions for transportation and other costs related to the physical distance between buyer and seller.
Term
F.O.b. factory
Definition
The price of merchandise at the factory, before shipment.
Term
F.O.B. Destination
Definition
A price indivating the producter is absorbing shipping costs.
Term
uniform geographic pricing
Definition
Charging all customers the same price, regardless of geographic location.
Term

Zone Pricing

Definition
Pricing based on transportation costs within major geographic zones.
Term
base-point pricing
Definition
geographic pricing that combines factory price and freight charges from the base point nearest the buyer.
Term
Freight absorption pricing
Definition
Absorption of all or part of actual freight costs by the seller.
Term
Transfer pricing
Definition
Prices charged in sales between an organization's units.
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