Term
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Definition
| Wholesaling intermediaries that do not take title to a product but facilitate its sale from producer to end user by representing retailers, wholesalers, or manufacturers. p. 328 |
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Term
| automatic replenishment program |
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Definition
| An inventory management system that triggers shipments only once a good is sold to the customer; the program uses an EDI linkage connected with bar-code scanners at the point of purchase, so the supplier can view the inventory being held at the next tier of the supply chain in real time. p. 345 |
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Term
| Balanced Scorecard Approach |
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Definition
| A measurement system used to evaluate overall supply chain performance. p. 349 |
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Term
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Definition
| A clash of goals and methods between distribution channel members. p. 341 |
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Term
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Definition
| When one marketing channel member intentionally affects another member’s behaviour. p. 340 |
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Term
| channel leader (channel captain) |
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Definition
| A member of a marketing channel that exercises authority and power over the activities of other channel members. p. 340 |
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Term
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Definition
| All parties in the marketing channel that negotiate with one another, buy and sell products, and facilitate the change of ownership between buyer and seller in the course of moving the product from the manufacturer into the hands of the final consumer. p. 326 |
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Term
| channel partnering (channel cooperation) |
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Definition
| The joint effort of all channel members to create a supply chain that serves customers and creates a competitive advantage. p. 343 |
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Term
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Definition
| The capacity of a particular marketing channel member to control or influence the behaviour of other channel members. p. 340 |
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Term
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Definition
| A distribution channel in which producers sell directly to consumers. p. 330 |
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Term
| discrepancy of assortment |
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Definition
| The lack of all the items a customer needs to receive full satisfaction from a product or products. p. 326 |
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Term
|
Definition
| The difference between the amount of product produced and the amount an end user wants to buy. p. 326 |
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Term
| distribution resource planning (DRP) |
|
Definition
| An inventory control system that manages the replenishment of goods from the manufacturer to the final consumer. p. 345 |
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Term
|
Definition
| The use of two or more channels to distribute the same product to target markets. p. 333 |
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Term
| electronic data interchange (EDI) |
|
Definition
| Information technology that replaces the paper documents that usually accompany business transactions, such as purchase orders and invoices, with electronic transmission of the needed information to reduce inventory levels, improve cash flow, streamline operations, and increase the speed and accuracy of information transmission. p. 344 |
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Term
|
Definition
| A distribution technique that includes any kind of product or service that can be distributed electronically, whether over traditional forms such as fibre-optic cable or through satellite transmission of electronic signals. p. 352 |
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Term
|
Definition
| A form of distribution that establishes one or a few dealers within a given area. p. 340 |
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Term
|
Definition
| A channel conflict that occurs among channel members on the same level. p. 341 |
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Term
|
Definition
| A form of distribution aimed at having a product available in every outlet where target customers might want to buy it. p. 339 |
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Term
|
Definition
| A method of developing and maintaining an adequate assortment of materials or products to meet a manufacturer’s or a customer’s demand. p. 345 |
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Term
|
Definition
| The process of strategically managing the efficient flow and storage of raw materials, in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption. p. 329 |
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Term
| logistics information system |
|
Definition
| Information technology that integrates and links all the logistics functions of the supply chain. p. 343 |
|
|
Term
| marketing channel (channel of distribution) |
|
Definition
| A set of interdependent organizations that ease the transfer of ownership as products move from producer to business user or consumer. p. 326 |
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Term
| materials requirement planning (MRP) (materials management) |
|
Definition
| An inventory control system that manages the replenishment of raw materials, supplies, and components from the supplier to the manufacturer. p. 345 |
|
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Term
| materials-handling system |
|
Definition
| A method of moving inventory into, within, and out of the warehouse. p. 346 |
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Term
|
Definition
| Institution that buys goods from manufacturers and resells them to businesses, government agencies, and other wholesalers or retailers and that receives and takes title to goods, stores them in its own warehouses, and later ships them. p. 328 |
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Term
|
Definition
| Standard measures that can be used repeatedly to assess performance on a supply chain–related process. p. 348 |
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Term
|
Definition
| A system whereby orders are entered into the supply chain and filled. p. 344 |
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|
Term
| outsourcing (contract logistics) |
|
Definition
| A manufacturer’s or supplier’s use of an independent third party to manage an entire function of the logistics system, such as transportation, warehousing, or order processing. p. 351 |
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Term
|
Definition
| A channel intermediary that sells mainly to consumers. p. 328 |
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Term
|
Definition
| A form of distribution achieved by screening dealers to eliminate all but a few in any single area. p. 339 |
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Term
|
Definition
| The difference between the location of the producer and the location of widely scattered markets. p. 327 |
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Term
| strategic channel alliance |
|
Definition
| A cooperative agreement between business companies to use the other’s already established distribution channel. p. 334 |
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Term
|
Definition
| The connected chain of all the business entities, both internal and external to the company, that perform or support the logistics function. p. 326 |
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Term
|
Definition
| A management system that coordinates and integrates all the activities performed by supply chain members into a seamless process, from the source to the point of consumption, resulting in enhanced customer and economic value. p. 334 |
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Term
|
Definition
| An entire group of individuals who orchestrate the movement of goods, services, and information from the source to the consumer. p. 344 |
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Term
|
Definition
| When a product is produced but a customer is not ready to buy it. p. 327 |
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Term
|
Definition
| A channel conflict that occurs between different levels in a marketing channel, most typically between the manufacturer and wholesaler or between the manufacturer and retailer. p. 341 |
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