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Definition
| A computer assisted process designed to acquire, store, analyze and display spatial data and their attributes. |
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Term
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| Non spatial information about a geographic feature in a GIS, usually stored in a table and linked to the feature by a unique identifier. For example, attributes of a river might include its name, length, and sediment load at a gauging station. |
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| A database or tabular file containing information about a set of geographic features, usually arranged so that each row represents a feature and each column represents one feature attribute. In a GIS, attribute tables are often joined or related to spatial data layers, and the attribute values they contain can be used to find, query, and symbolize features or raster cells. |
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| A column in a table that stores the values for a single attribute. |
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| row, a whole line of attributes in a spreadsheet or attribute table |
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| getting information from an attribute table |
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| getting information from an attribute table |
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| selecting by relation to an arc or area (topology) |
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| a set distance in radius to a node or arc. |
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| when you can select other polygons that are “touching” an arc. “Hallmark of GIS” |
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Definition
| Forward/backward query, point in polygon, buffering, polygon overlay |
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| 3 factors for analyzing GPS |
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Definition
| Geo-referenced data, attributes, topology |
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Definition
| Aligning geographic data to a known coordinate system so it can be viewed, queried, and analyzed with other geographic data. |
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| the spatial relationships between connecting arcs nodes polygons. It usually describes the starting node and all the other nodes until the end node in an arc or polygon in order to determine what is on the left or the right of the polygon. |
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| 2 ways computers store geographic data |
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| A coordinate-based data model that represents geographic features as points, lines, and polygons. Small file size. |
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Definition
| the coordinate and color or every pixel is recorded. Is only accurate at the scale it was recorded. Large file size. |
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| data classification types |
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Definition
| Equal Interval, manual, quantile, Natural breaks |
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| divides a set of attribute values into equal sized subranges. ex. 3 groups of 20 attributes. Good for familiar data like temperature. Bad for revealing subtle differences |
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Definition
| Type in class limit values for the range settings and manually set class limits |
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Definition
| Features are ordered smallest to largest and then each class isassigned the same number of features. Bad in that two features may have nearly the same attribute value but fall into different categories. |
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| Features ordered smallest to largest. Divided where there are relatively big jumps in the values. Bad bcuz class breaks seem random to viewer unless explained. |
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Definition
| Divide each value by sum total or values in another attribute, then map it |
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| Normalizing by dividing by sum total |
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Definition
| Derives percentage of total. Easier for viewer to compare relative size/importance. |
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| Normalizing by dividing by values of another attribute |
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Definition
| Allows you to account for influence/ control of another field. ex: Normalize birth/death rate by population. ex: Normalize population by area to map pop density |
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| The degree to which a measured value conforms to true or accepted values. Accuracy is a measure of correctness. |
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| The closeness of a repeated set of observations of the same quantity to one another. Precision is a measure of the control over random error. Exactness |
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| Spatial representation of the environment |
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| A map designed to show where geographic features are in relation to each other. |
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| A map designed to convey information about a single topic or theme, such as population density or geology. |
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| Geodesy, Land Surveying and GPS, Remote Sensing |
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| The science of meaning the size and shape of the Earth. |
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Definition
| The determination of the location of points and areas on Earth by measuring angle and distance. |
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| Collecting and interpreting information about the environment and the surface of the earth from a distance. Ex. Satellite Images, aerial photos, collecting data without being there. |
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| Secondary Mapping Sciences |
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Definition
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| Geographic Information Systems |
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Definition
| A computer assisted process designed to acquire, store, analyze and display spatial data and their attributes. |
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Definition
| neatline, border,graticule/ north arrow, scale, legend, title, sources and acknoweledgements |
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| Tools to building a map include:Lettering, Basic Graphic Elements, Visual variables |
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| point symbols, line symbols, areal symbols |
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| hue (subtle), value, chroma/saturation/intensity, size, shape, orientation |
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| Objectives of cartographic design |
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Definition
| simple is better and to stay away from unnecessary components or things that will clutter the map. the goal is convey a message spatially and convey area. |
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| figure-ground" phenomenon |
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Definition
| concept of how like a graduated symbol may look smaller or bigger compared to the space it is in |
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| Map components of map design |
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Definition
| Clarify and legibility, visual contrast, visual balance, figure-ground phenomenon, hierarchical organization |
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Definition
| The border delineating and defining the extent of geographic data on a map |
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