Term
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Definition
The pursuit of organizational goals efficiently and effectively by
Integrating the work of people through
Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the organization’s resources |
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Definition
| a group of people who work together to achieve some specific purpose |
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Definition
| use resources- people, money, raw materials, and the like-wisely and cost effectively |
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Definition
| To achieve results, to make the right decisions and to successfully carry them out so that they achieve organizational goals |
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Term
| Rewards of studying management |
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Definition
1. Understanding how to deal with organizations from the outside
2. Understanding how to relate to your supervisors
3.Understanding how to interact with co-workers
4.Understanding how to manage yourself in the workplace |
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Term
| Seven challenges to being a star manager |
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Definition
| 1.Managing for competitive advantage , for diversity, globalization, information technology, ethical standards, sustainability, and your own happiness and life goals |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of an organization to produce goods are services more effectively than competitors do |
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| Managing for competitive Advantage |
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Definition
1.Being responsive to customers
2. Innovation
3. Quality
4. Efficiency |
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Term
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Definition
| economic development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs |
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Term
| The four principal functions of managers |
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Definition
1.Planning
2.Organizing
3.Leading
4.Controlling |
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Term
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Definition
| make long-term decisions about the overall direction of the organization and establish the objectives,policies, and strategies for it |
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Definition
| implement the policies and plans of the top managers above them and supervise and coordinate the activities of the first-line managers below them |
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Definition
| Make short-term operating decisions, directing the daily tasks of nonmanagerial personnel |
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Definition
| responsible for just one organizational activity |
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Definition
| responsible for several organizational activities |
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Term
| Mintzberg's Manager Roles |
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Definition
1. Manager relies more on VERBAL than on written communication
2.Manager works long hours at an intense pace
3.Manager's work is characterized by fragmentation,brevity, and variety |
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Term
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Definition
| managers interact with people inside and outside their work units (figureheads,leader,liaison) |
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Term
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Definition
| Managers receive and communicate information ( monitor, disseminator, spokesperson) |
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Definition
| managers use information to make decisions to solve problems are take advantage of opportunities (entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator) |
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Definition
| process of taking risks to try to create a new empire |
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Definition
| someone who sees a new opportunity for a product or service and launches a business to try to realize it |
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Term
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Definition
| someone who works inside an existing organization who sees an opportunity for a product or service and mobilizes the organization's resources to try and realize it |
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Definition
| people who suddenly must earn a living and are simply trying to replace lost income and are hoping a job comes along |
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| opportunity entrepreneurs |
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Definition
| those who start their business out of a burning desire rather than because they lost a job |
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Term
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Definition
| the job-specific knowledge needed to perform well in a specialized field |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to think analytically, to visualize an organization as a whole and understand how the parts work together |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to work well in cooperation with other people to get things done |
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Term
| Most valued manager traits |
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Definition
1.Ability to motivate and engage others
2.Ability to communicate
3.Work experience outside the US
4.High energy levels to meet the demands of global travel and a 24/7 world |
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Term
| evidence based management |
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Definition
| translating principles based on best evidence into organizational practice,bringing rationality to the decision making process (Pfeffer and Sutton) |
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Term
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Definition
| classical,behavioral, and quantitative |
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Term
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Definition
| systems,contingency, and quality- management |
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Term
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Definition
| Emphasis on ways to manage work more efficiently |
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Term
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Definition
| emphasized the scientific study of work methods to improve the productivity of individual workers (Fredrick W. Taylor, Frank and Lillian Gilbreth) |
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Term
| Principles of Scientific Management |
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Definition
1.Scientifically study each part of the task
2.Carefully select workers with the right abilities
3.Give workers the training and incentives to do the task
4.Use scientific principles to plan the work methods |
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Term
| Administrative Management |
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Definition
| concerned with managing the total organization |
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Term
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Definition
| French engineer and industrialist first to identify the major functions of management |
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Term
| Five positive Bureaucratic features |
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Definition
1.Well-defined hierarchy of authority
2.Formal rules and procedures
3.A clear division of labor
4.Impersonality
5.Careers based on merit |
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Definition
| emphasized the importance of understanding human behavior and of motivating employees toward achievement |
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Term
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Definition
father of industrial psychology
1.Study jobs and determine which people are best suited to specific jobs
2.Identify the psychological conditions under which employees do their best work
3.Devise management strategies to influence employees to follow management's interests |
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Term
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Definition
social worker and social
1.Organizations should be operated as "communities"
2.Conflicts should be resolved by having managers and workers talk over differences and find solutions that would satisfy both parties
3.The work process should be under control of workers with relevant knowledge |
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Term
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Definition
| Employees worked harder if they received added attention, thought that managers cared about their welfare and that supervisors paid special attention to them (Elton mayo) |
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Definition
| proposed that better human relations could increase worker productivity (Abraham Maslow & douglas McGregor) |
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Term
| Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs |
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Definition
1.Self-actualization
2.Esteem
3.Social
4.Safety
5.Physiological |
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Term
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Definition
| Pessimistic view of workers, they are irresponsible, resistant to change, lack ambition, hate work,and want to be led |
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Term
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Definition
| optimistic view of workers, workers are considered capable of accepting responsibility, self-direction, self control and being creative |
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Term
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Definition
| Relies on scientific research for developing theories about human behavior that can be used to provide practical tools for managers |
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Term
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Definition
| application of management of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations (Management science, operations management) |
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Term
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Definition
| stresses the use of rational, science-based techniques and mathematical models to improve decision making and strategic planning |
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Term
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Definition
| focuses on managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively |
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Term
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Definition
| regards the organization as a system of interrelated parts, collection of subsystems, part of the larger environment |
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Term
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Definition
| the people,money,information,equipment,and materials required to produce an organization's goods or services |
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Term
| Transformational processes |
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Definition
| the organization's capabilities in management and technology that are applied to converting inputs into outputs |
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Term
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Definition
| the products,services,profits,losses, employee satisfaction or discontent, etc., produced by the organization |
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Definition
| information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs, which affects the inputs |
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Term
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Definition
| continually interacts with its environment |
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Term
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Definition
| has little interaction with its environment |
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Term
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Definition
| emphasizes that a manager's approach should vary according to the individual and the environmental situation |
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Term
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Definition
| total ability of a product or service to meet customer needs |
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Term
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Definition
| the strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production |
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Term
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Definition
| focuses on the performance of workers, urging employees to strive for "zero defects" |
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Term
| Total quality management(TQM) |
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Definition
| comprehensive approach-led by top management and supported throughout the organization dedicated to continuous quality improvement, training, and customer satisfaction (Deming,Juran) |
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Term
| Total Quality Management steps |
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Definition
1.Make continuous improvement a priority
2.Get every employee involved
3.Listen to and learn from customers and employees
4.Use accurate standards to identify and eliminate problems |
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Term
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Definition
| organization that actively creates,acquires,and transfers knowledge within itself and is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge |
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Term
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Definition
| the people whose interests are affected by an organization's activities (Internal, external) |
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Term
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Definition
| consist of employees, owners, and the board of directors |
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Term
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Definition
| consist of all those who can claim the organization as their legal property |
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Term
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Definition
| members elected by the stockholders to see that the company is being run according to their interests |
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Term
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Definition
| people or groups in the organization's external environment that are affected by it (Task, General Environment ) |
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Term
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Definition
| those who pay to use an organization's goods or services |
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Term
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Definition
| people or organizations that compete for customers or services |
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Term
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Definition
| a person or organization that provides raw materials, services, equipment,labor or energy to other organizations |
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Term
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Definition
| a person or organization that helps another organization sell its goods and services to customers |
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Term
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Definition
| describes the relationship of two organizations who join forces to achieve advantages neither can perform as well alone |
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Term
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Definition
| regulatory agencies that establish ground rules under which organizations may operate |
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Term
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Definition
| groups whose members try to influence specific issues |
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Term
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Definition
| consist of the general economic conditions and trends- unemployment,inflation, interest rates, economic growth- that may affect an organization's performance |
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Term
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Definition
| new developments in methods for transforming resources into goods and services |
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Term
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Definition
| influences and trends originating in a country's, a society's or a culture's human relationships and values that may affect an organization |
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Term
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Definition
| influences on an organization arising from changes in the characteristics or a population, such as age, gender, or ethnic origin |
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Term
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Definition
| changes in the way politics shape laws and laws shape the opportunities for and threats to an organization |
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Term
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Definition
| changes in the economic,political, legal, and technological global system that may affect an organization |
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Term
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Definition
| situation in which you have to decide whether to pursue a course of action that may benefit you or your organization but that is unethical or even illegal |
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Term
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Definition
| standards of right and wrong that influence behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| relatively permanent and deeply held underlying beliefs and attitude that help determine a person's behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| Guided by what will result in the greatest good for the greatest number of people |
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Term
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Definition
| guided by what will result in the individual's best long term interest, which ultimately are in everyone's self-interest |
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Definition
| guided by respect for the fundamental rights of human beings |
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Term
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Definition
| guided by respect for impartial standards of fairness and equity |
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Term
| Kohlberg's Levels of ethics |
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Definition
Level 1-preconventional(follows rules)
Level 2-conventional(follows expectations of others)
Level 3-postconventional(guided by internal values) |
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Term
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Definition
1.Creating a strong ethical climate
2.Screening prospective employees
3.Instituting ethics codes and training programs |
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Term
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Definition
| manager's duty to take actions that will benefit the interests of society as well as of the organization |
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Term
| Corporate social responsibility |
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Definition
| notion that corporation are expected to go above and beyond following the law and making a profit |
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Term
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Definition
| making charitable donations to benefit humankind |
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Definition
| represents all the ways people are unlike and alike |
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Term
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Definition
| stable physical and mental characteristics responsible for a person's identity |
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Term
| internal dimensions of diversity |
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Definition
| human differences that exert a powerful, sustained effect throughout every stage of our lives |
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Term
| external dimensions of diversity |
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Definition
| consist of the personal characteristics that people acquire, discard, or modify throughout their lives include an element of choice |
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Term
| organizational dimensions |
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Definition
| include management status, union affiliation, work location, seniority, work content, and division |
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Term
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Definition
| belief that one's native country,culture,language,abilities or behavior is superior to those of another culture |
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Term
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Definition
| the trend of the world economy toward becoming a more interdependent system |
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Term
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Definition
| the "shrinking" of time and space as air travel and the electronic media have made it much easier for the people of the globe to communicate with one another |
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Term
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Definition
| the buying and selling of products and services through computer networks |
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Definition
| the increasing tendency of the economies of the world to interact with one another as one market instead of many national markets |
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Definition
| more markets for american exports |
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Term
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Definition
| vast surplus funds from global investments flowed into U.S that were invested badly in subprime mortgages |
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Term
| multinational corporation |
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Definition
| business firm with operations in several countries |
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Term
| multinational organization |
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Definition
| nonprofit organization with operations in several countries |
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Term
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Definition
| believe that their native country,culture,language, and behavior are superior to all others |
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Term
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Definition
| narrow view in which people see things solely through their own view |
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Definition
| take the view that native managers in the foreign offices best understand native personnel and practices, and so the home office should leave them alone |
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Definition
| accept that there are differences and similarities between home and foreign personnel and practices and that they should use whatever techniques are most effective |
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| Why companies expand internationally |
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Definition
| availability of supplies,new markets,lower labor costs,access to finance capital,avoidance of tariffs and import quotas |
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Term
| Five ways of Expanding internationally (lowest risk to highest) |
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Definition
| global outsourcing, importing exporting and countertrading, licensing and franchising, joint ventures, and wholly-owned subsidaries |
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Term
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Definition
| using suppliers outside the U.S to provide labor,goods, or services |
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Term
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Definition
| a company buys goods outside the country and resells them domestically |
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Definition
| a company produces goods domestically and sells them outside the country |
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Definition
| bartering goods for goods |
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Term
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Definition
| a firm allows a foreign company to pay it a fee to make or distribute the firm's product or service |
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Term
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Definition
| a firm allows a foreign company to pay it a fee and a share of the profit in return for using the firm's brand name and a package of materials and services |
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Definition
| formed with a foreign company to share the risks and rewards of starting a new enterprise together in a foreign country |
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Definition
| foreign subsidiary that is totally owned and controlled by an organization |
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Definition
| a foreign subsidiary that the owning organization has built from scratch |
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Definition
| customs duty or tax levied mainly on imports |
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Term
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Definition
| limits one the numbers of a product that can be imported |
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Term
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Definition
| complete ban on the import or export of certain products |
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Term
| World Trade Organization (WTO) |
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Definition
| designed to monitor and enforce trade agreements, agreements based on the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), consists of 153 countries |
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Term
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Definition
| purpose is to provide low-interest loans to developing nations for improving transportation,education,health, and telecommunications |
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Term
| International Money Fund (IMF) |
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Definition
| designed to assist in smoothing the flow of money between nations |
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Term
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Definition
| group of nations within a geographic region that have agreed to remove trade barriers with one another ( economic community) |
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Term
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Definition
| shared meanings are primarily derived from written and spoken words |
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Term
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Definition
| people rely heavily on situational cues for meaning when communicating with others |
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Term
| Individualism/collectivism |
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Definition
| how loosely or tightly are people socially bonded |
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Term
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Definition
| how much do people accept inequality in power |
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Term
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Definition
| how strongly do people desire certainty |
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Term
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Definition
| how much do people embrace stereotypical male or female traits |
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Term
| Globe project's Nine cultural dimensions |
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Definition
| power distance, uncertainty avoidance, institutional collectivism, in-group collectivism, gender egalitarianism, assertiveness, future orientation, performance orientation, human orientation |
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