1. Myth of Rationality - From late 19th century, protocal of work world was to keep damper on emotions, thought as antithesis of rationality
2. Emotions are Disruptive - Researchers looked at strong neg. emotions, rarely viewed as constructive or contributive to enhanced performance

Affect:

Broad range of feelings that ppl experience (UMBRELLA emcompasses emotions and moods)

Emotions:

Direct intense feelings AT someone/something

Moods:

LESS INTENSE feelings that most often LACK CONTEXTUAL STIMULUS

EXHIBIT 7-1 P. 97

TURN INTO moods

Good/bad moods can make you MORE emotional in RESPONSE to an event

* How we EXPERIENCE an emotion isn't the same as how we SHOW it

6 Essentially Universal Emotions

CONTINUM

HAPPINESS -SURPRISE - FEAR - SADNESS - ANGER - DISGUST

Closer 2 emotions are, more likely ppl will confuse them

Positive Emotions

Express a favorable evaluation or feeling

Negative

opposite

Inbetween

Contentment/saddness

*When group emotions, they become mood states because being looked at more GENERALLY

POSITIVE/NEGATIVE

AFFECT

Positive Affect

Mood dimension of positive emotions such as excitement, self-assurace, and cheerfulness at HIGH END

boredom, sluggishness, and tiredness at LOW END

Negative Affect

Nervousness, stress, anxiety at HIGH END
Relaxation, tranquility, and poise at LOW END

Darwin

They help humans solve problems

Evolutionary psychology

We experience emotions (+/-) b/c they serve a purpose

SOURCES

Days of week

Weather

Days of the Week/Time of the Day

-ppl worst moods (highest neg. affect and lowest pos. affect) EARLY IN WEEK

-Levels of positive affect PEAK at HALFWAY POINT btw waking up and sleeping Monday morning is BAD

Weather

No Link, effects of stress build over time

SOURCES

Social Activities

Sleep

Social Activities

-^ Positive mood, little effect on neg. mood

-ppl in positive moods, seek out social activities

-social interactions cause you to be in a good mood

physical, informal, or epicurean STRONGER INCR. than formal or sedentary

Sleep

Sleep quality affects mood, less/poor sleep impaires DECISION MAKING, DIFF. TO CONTROL EMOTIONS; impairs JOB SATIS.

SOURCES

Exercise

Age
Gender

Exercise

Works, strongest for those DEPRESSED

Age

NO effect, tends to IMPROVE WITH AGE

Gender

-Woman more emotionally expressive

-more INTENSELY, FREQUENCE (EXCEPT ANGER), EXPRESSIVE

*Due to diff. ways womena nd men have been SOCIALIZED

Emotional Labor

Employees expression of organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions at wok

Emotional Dissonance

When employees have to PROJECT ONE EMOTION while SIMULTANEOUSLY feeling another (bottle up feelings of frustration, anger, and resentment can lead to exhaustion and burnout)

Felt Emotions

VS

Displayed Emotions

Felt Emotions

An indiv's ACTUAL emotions

Displayed Emotions

Those the ORG. REQUIRES workers to show and considers APPROPRIATE in a given job

LEARNED, NOT INNATE

ADR

Alternative Dispute Resolution

Mechanism gov. has intiatied to help settle arguements

*Depending upon your case, will bring in PROFESSIONAL MEDIATOR

*SPEEDS up process and Binds Decision

Surface Acting

VS

Deep Acting

Surface Acting

Hiding one's INNER FEELINGS and forgoing emotional expressions in response to display RULES

Deep Acting

Trying to MODIFY one's TRUE INNER FEELINGS based on display rules

*surface acting is more stressful

Emotional Intelligence (EI)

Person's ability to...

1. Be self aware (recog. own emotions)
2. Detect emotions in others
3. Manage emotional cues and info
   

• Intuitive Appeal  - ppl can detect emts, control their own, and handle social interactions well-will have powerful leg in business world
• Predicts Criteria that Matter - Person will perform well on job
• Biologically Based - neurologically based in a way that's unrelated to standard measures of intelligence ( ppl who suffer neurological damage score LOW on EI)

• Too vague a concept
  
• Can't be measured
• THe validity of EI is suspect

OB Applications of Emotions and Moods

• Selection
• Decision Making
• Creativity
• Motivation (feedback influences their mood)
• Leadership
• Negotiation
• Customer Service
• Emotional Cognition: "the catching" emotions from others (emply transfer to customers)
• Deviant Workplace Behaviors & Mgmrs. can infl. moods