Term
| how and when was it predicted? (3) |
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Definition
accurate in location, time and wind speeds
the National Hurricane Centre monitored and tracked it using e.g. satellite images
a warning was given two days before landfall |
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Term
| how did they prepare? (3) |
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Definition
mayor ordered the evacuation of the city
order delayed; 100,000 left behind
many of these were the poorest and most vulnerable e.g. in poor black neighbourhoods |
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Term
| how was New Orleans protected? (2) |
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Definition
system of levees topped with concrete floodwalls
canals to protect the city (most of which is 2m below sea level) |
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Term
| how and why did these defences not work? (3) |
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Definition
they could not withstand the storm surge
levee and canals breached in several places resulting in 80% of the city flooded
designed to withstand Category 3, Katrina was 4/5 |
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Term
| any other predictions? (2) |
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Definition
FEMA (Us Emergency Management Agency) conducted a "Hurricane Pam" exercise 13 months before Katrina struck to assess how New Orleans would handle a theoretical Category 3 hurricane
suggested 87% of the city would be flooded |
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Term
| how did people respond? (3) |
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Definition
much anger and criticism towards US government and FEMA over delay in getting aid/rescuing people
journalists arrived before the National Guard
inadequate response from richest government in the world |
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Term
| what happened, short-term, in the city? (4) |
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Definition
many of those unable or unwilling to evacuate took refuge in the Superdrome
others clung to their roofs to wait for rescue by helicopter or boat
food and water shortages
widespread looting and violence |
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Term
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Definition
UK government sent food aid
US Army Corps of Engineers were in charge of temporary repairs
a week after, the operation began to drain the city |
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Term
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Definition
new system of high levees (8.5m) to the east and north of New Orleans (about $2bn)
raise existing levees e.g. St Charles and West Bank to 8.5m
new floodgates and pumps e.g. new storm barrier on 17th Street Canal
reconstruction of damaged neighbourhoods |
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