Term
| What is International Management? |
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Definition
| The pursuit of organizational objectives in international and intercultural settings |
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Term
| What are the 6 stages in the Internationalization Process? |
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Definition
- Licensing
- Exporting
- Local warehousing and selling
- Local assembly and packaging
- Joint Ventures
- Direct foreign investments
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Term
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Definition
| Authorizing companies in foreign countries to produce and/or market a given product within a specified territory in return for a fee |
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Term
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Definition
| Goods produced in one country are sold to customers in foreign countries |
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Term
| What is local warehousing and selling? |
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Definition
| goods produced in one country are shipped to the parent company's storage and marketing facilities located in oversea countries |
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Term
| What is local assembly and packaging? |
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Definition
| components, rather than finished products, are shipped to company owned foreign facilities for final assembly and sales |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as strategic alliances or partnerships, a company in one country pools its resources with another foreign company to create and market products and jointly share profits and losses |
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Term
| What is direct foreign investment? |
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Definition
| the production and marketing of products through a wholly owned subsidiary in a foreign country, involves cross border mergers |
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Term
| What is the most risky aspect of direct foreign investments? |
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Definition
| Expropriation, where a foreign host country just takes over the company and asks them to leave |
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Term
| What recommendations to experts offer for successful joint ventures? |
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Definition
- Exercise patience- select and build trust with a partner that produces compatible, not directly competitive, products
- Race to learn- learn as fast and as much as possible without giving away core tech and secrets
- Play by the book- establish firm ground rules about rights and responsibilities from the beginning
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Term
| What is a global company? |
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Definition
| a multinational ventur centrally managed from one country and has global strategies for product design, financing, purchasing, manufacturing, and marketing (McDonalds, Coca-Cola, Disney, Walmart) |
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Term
| What is a transnational company? |
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Definition
| a global network of productive units with a decentralized authority structure and no distinct national identity and relies on a blend of global and local strategies (LM Ericsson-phones) |
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Term
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Definition
| Cultural Intelligence, the ability of an outsider to read individual behavior, group dynamics, and situatiions in a foreign culture |
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Term
| What three components are necessary for CQ? |
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Definition
- Knowledge of culture- include language and translations
- Practice of mindfulness-reflective and aware whats going on
- develop cross cultural skills- choosing the appropriate behavior from a well developed repertoire of behaviors to fit the intercultural situation
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Term
| What 2 topics does CQ involve? |
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Definition
- Impression mgmt
- Emotional intelligence
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Term
| What are the 9 cross cultural competencies? |
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Definition
- Building relationships
- Valuing people of different cultures
- Listening and observing
- Coping with ambiguity
- Translating complex information
- Taking action and initiative
- Managing others
- Adaptability and flexibility
- Managing stress
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Term
| What is an ethnocentric attitude? |
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Definition
| view that your home countries personnel and ways are doing things are best |
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Term
| What is a polycentric attitude? |
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Definition
| the view that your local managers in the host country know best how to run their own operations and not theirs |
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Term
| What is a geocentric attitude? |
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Definition
| a world oriented view that draws upon the best talent from around the world |
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Term
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Definition
| It is the populations taken-for-granted assumptions, values, and beliefs, about how a given collection of people should think, act, feel, and behave. |
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Term
| What is organizational culture? |
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Definition
| it is the glue binding members of an organization together, their beliefs in the company, their professional code |
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Term
| What is societal culture? |
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Definition
| It is the social glue that holds society together, their norms, values, taboos, attitudes, beliefs, heroes, morals, and customs. |
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Term
| How far do cultural roots run? |
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Definition
| They run very deep, have a profound effect on behavior, and are not easily altered. |
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Term
| What is a high context culture? |
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Definition
| a culture in which NON VERBAL messages convey primary meaning. Status of an individual is tantamount and body language/behavior is of upmost importance. (Asian and Latin countries) |
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Term
| What is a low context culture? |
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Definition
| culture where VERBAL messages are the primary meaning. Terms of the deal are more important than building business relationships (US and European nations) |
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Term
| What is an individualistic culture? |
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Definition
a culture that focuses primarily on the individual rights, roles, and achievments (U.S and Canada) |
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Term
| What is a collectivist culture? |
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Definition
| a culture where rank duty, and loyalty go to family, friends, organizations, and country before yourself ( Mexico, India, Japan, Egypt) |
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Term
| What is the silent language of culture? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two types of time are there? |
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Definition
- Monochromatic- time is straight line and unwavering, timely arrivals and keeping appts are important
- Polychromatic- time is flexible, elastic, and multidimensional, appt times are approximations and arent kept precisely
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Term
| What are the sources of cultural diversity? |
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Definition
- Individualism vs. Collectivism
- Time
- Interpersonal Space
- Language
- Religion
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Term
| What is the gateway to true cross cultural understanding? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is comparative management? |
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Definition
| It is the study of how organizational behavior and mgmt practices differ across cultures |
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Term
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Definition
| someone who accepts a foreign assignment by moving to another country |
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Term
| Why do U.S. expatriates fail? |
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Definition
- Job performance
- Other job offers
- Factors related to culture shock
- Homesickness
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Term
| To offset the failure rate of expartriates, what do companies now do? |
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Definition
| Cross cultural training which is guided experience that helps people live and work in foreign cultures |
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Term
| What kind techniques are used in cross cultural training? |
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Definition
- Documentary programs- trainees read about the foreign country's history, culture, geography, economics, etc...
- Cultural assimilator- exposure to a series of simulated incidents or problem situations
- Language instruction-teaching conversational skills, learning differentlanguage is now a necessity
- Sensitivity training- experiental exercises to teach the impact of their actions on others in another culture
- Field Experience- first hand exposure to ethnic cultures to provide cultural awareness
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Term
| What is the most successful technique for cross cultural training? |
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Definition
| there isnt just one, its a combo of both documentary and interpersonal training that proves successful |
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Term
| What is the ultimate goal of an integrated cross cultural system? |
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Definition
| to train both the expatriate and their family in the transitiona there and the transition back home |
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Term
| What is involved in an integrated expatriate staffing system? |
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Definition
- Orientation for both expatriate and family
- have famiy sponsors or assigned mentors available at the foreign assignment
- Repatriation- the going back home
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the benefits of going to a foreign assignment? |
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Definition
- Life experience
- Money
- Promotion
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Term
| What is the greatest barrier for women going on foreign assignments? |
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Definition
| Self disqualification and prejudice among home country managers |
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Term
| What are the advantages of using foreign nationals? |
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Definition
- They know the language and culture
- They do not require huge location expenses
- Host government favor more local control
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Term
| What are the disadvantages of using foreign nationals? |
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Definition
| Local mgrs may not be attuned to home office goals and procedures |
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