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| factors such as skills, abilities, personalities, perceptions, attitudes, values, and ethics differ from one individuals to another. |
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| the psychological approach to understanding human behavior that involves knowing something about the person and about the situation |
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| a relatively stable set of characteristics that influence an individual's behavior |
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| a personality theory that advocates breaking down behavior patterns into a series of observable traits in order to understand human behavior |
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| the broad theory that describes personality as a composite of an individual's psychological processes |
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| a situation that overwhelms the effects of individual personalities by providing strong cues for appropriate behavior |
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| an individual's generalized belief about internal control (self control) versus external control (control by the situation or by others) |
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| an individual's general belief that he or she is capable of meeting job demands in a wide variety of situations |
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| an individual's general feelings of self-worth |
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| the extent to which people base their behavior on cues from other people and situations |
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| an individual's tendency to accentuate the positive aspects of himself or herself, other people, and the world in general |
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| an individual's tendency to accentuate the negative aspects of himself or herself, other people, and the world in general |
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| a personality test that elicits an individual's response to abstract stimuli |
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| personality assessments that involve observing an individual's behavior in a controlled situation |
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| self-report questionnaire |
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| a common personality assessment that involves an individual's responses to a series of questions |
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| Myers -Briggs type indicator (MBTI) instrument |
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| an instrument developed to measure Carl Jung's theory on individual differences |
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| being energized by interaction with other people |
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| being energized by time alone |
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| gathering information through the five senses and focusing on what actually exists |
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| gathering information through a "sixth sense" and focusing on what could be |
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| making decisions in a logical objective fashion |
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| making decisions in a personal, value-oriented fashion |
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| preferring closure and completion in making decisions |
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| preferring to explore many alternatives with flexibility and spontaneity |
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| the process of interpreting information about another person |
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| the assumption that an individual's behavior is accounted for by the situation |
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| the tendency to select information that supports our individual viewpoints while discounting information that threatens our viewpoints |
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| a generalization about a group of people |
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| forming lasting opinions about an individual based on initial perceptions |
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| overestimating the number of people who share our own beliefs, values, and behaviors |
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| allowing expectations about people to affect our interaction with them in such a way that those expectations are fufilled |
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| fundamental attribution error |
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| the tendency to make attributions to internal causes when focusing on someone else's behavior |
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| the tendency to attribute one's own successes to internal causes and one's failures to external causes |
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| a function of continuous, multi-directional interaction between the person and the situation |
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| broad, general guides that lead consistency to behavior |
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| the person is cooperative, warm, and agreeable |
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| the person is hardworking, organized, and dependable |
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| the person is calm, self-confident, and cool |
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| the person is creative, curious, and cultured |
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| broad set of personality traits that articulates an individual's concept of him/herself (locus of control, self esteem, self efficacy, emotional stability) |
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| internal locus of control |
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| i control what happens to me, (higher job satisfaction, performance, more likely to assume managerial positions. Prefer participative management styles. do not like close supervision) |
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| external locus of control |
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| people and circumstances control my fate |
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| beliefs and expectations about one's ability to accomplish a specific task effectively |
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| explains how individuals pinpoint the causes of their own behavior or that of others |
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| attributing events to something within the individual's control |
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| attributing events to something outside the individual's control |
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