Term
|
Definition
| portion of the tooth exposed above the gumline |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| portion of the tooth fitting into the socket in the jaw |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| teeth with a particularly high crown |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| teeth with a particularly low crown |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| points and bumps on the crown |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| side of the tooth closest to the tongue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| side of the tooth closest to the cheek (also:buccal) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| same as labial tooth (cheek side) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| portion of the tooth that meets with the opposing jaw tooth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bone like material that composes a major portion of each tooth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin, usually white, hard layer that covers the dentine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bone like layer covering the root of the tooth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bone like layer covering the root of the tooth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| central living portion of the tooth, supplied with blood vessels and nerves through one or more openings in the face. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the teeth in most species that stops growing when the openings in the pulp constrict and the blood supply is reduced |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opening in the pulp does not constrict and the growth of the tooth continues throughout the life of the mammal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mammals having only two sets of teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| milk teeth. first set of teeth present in diphylodont mammals. replaced by permanent teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| second set of teeth in diphyodont retained throughout life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having only one set of teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having only one set of teeth [found in tooth cetaceans - Odontoceti, and some other mammals] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mammals with two or more morphologically different kinds of teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mammals with all teeth resembling one another in shape |
|
|
Term
| Four basic types of teeth in mammals |
|
Definition
| Incisors, canines, premolars, and molars |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| teeth rooted in the pre-maxillary bone and the corresponding teeth in the lower jaw. placental mammals never have more than THREE incisors in each jaw quadrant. Marsupials have up to 5 in each half of the upper jaw and up to 4 in the lower. Primary function is nipping. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cattle, deer and relatives - lost upper incisor, use lips to eat
Rodents and Lagomorphs - number of incisors reduced; stout chisel like teeth for gnawing; rootless and grow continuously
Vampire Bats - fresh pair have long sharp edge
Elephants - tusks, rootless and evergrowing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most anterior of the teeth rooted in the maxillae and corresponding teeth of the lower quadrant, usually long, conspicuous, unicuspid teeth with a single root. Usually used to capture and hold prey, often reduced or absent in herbivores. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Modified in herbivores, hogs, and deer to be long and sharp; used for fighting. Pig 'tusks' are rootless and in some species arranged so that they do not fully occlude. Walruses were once though to use their tusks to scrape mollusks from the ocean floor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wide gap between teeth resulting from absent canines and/or other teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| last incisor that appears to be the canine tooth, which is actually absent or small (resembling a premolar) Conversely the first premolar can be caninform. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when the canine is small and appears to be an incisor. Often occurs when the first premolar is caniniform |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| teeth situated just posterior to the canines. All placentals in which there are four premolars, the first never has a deciduous precursor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Teeth situated posterior to the premolars and never have deciduous predecessors. Usually larger than premolars with more cusps. |
|
|
Term
| Cheek teeth, postcanine teeth, molariform teeth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Teeth set with upper molars having a trigon and the lower molar has both a trigonid and a talonid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found on upper Tribosphenic molars. Triangle shaped with there main cusps (protocone, paracone, and metacone) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| broad ledge situated labial to the paraone and metacone, has several cusps, including the most anterior, the parastyle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most anterior cusp of the stylar which provides a convenient reference point to orient a tooth for study |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high cusped portion of the lower tribosphenic molar |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the lower cusped portion of the lower tribosphenic molar, helps to square the outline of the tooth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| depression enclosed by the three cusps of the talonid, receives the protocone of the trigon during occlusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| modified Tribosphenic cheek tooth. molar characterized by a V-shaped ectoloph, typically lacking a protocone and the paracone (sometimes combinced with the metacone) is located at the lingual apex of the crown. Mainly found in Insectivora and the marsupial 'mole' Notoryctes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| series of crests connecting the paracone (and sometimes the metacone) with cusps on the stylar shelf |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| modified tribosphenic cheek tooth. upper molar has a W-saped occlusaal surface with the protocone near the lingual apex of the trigon. Found in opossums (Didelphidae) and tree shrews (Tupaiidae) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| modified tribosphenic cheek tooth, usually with a square or quadrate crown due to an additional cusp (hypocone) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| found in the euthemorphic upper molar, located on the posterior lingual side of the crown. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area with hypocone in certain molars |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| euthemorphic upper molar with four main cusps |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| euthemorphic, quadrate, frequently brachyodont, and has four major rounded cusps. found in many mammals that are basically omnivorous. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| aka protoconule. commonly developed between the protocone and paracone in bunodont teeth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| commonly developes between the metacone and hypocone on bunodont teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| frequently found in the cheek teeth of herbivores. High crowns add longevity to the tooth life. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| teeth in herbivorous mammals in which cusps fuse to form elongated ridges creating elongated abrasive surfaces for grinding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elongated ridges of lophodont teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| similar to lophodont teeth but each ridge is formed by the elongation of a single cusp. Ridges are always crescent-shaped and longitudinally oriented. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| aspects of both lophodont and selenodont teeth, found in horses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| aka secodont dentition. general type of dentition found in mammals who eat flesh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| found only in the order Carnivora, the two teeth on each side to do most of the shearing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| modified tribosphenic teeth found in many bats in which the three cusps elongate into sharp chrescent-shaped cristas useful in cutting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from the anterior edge of the premaxillae to the posterior-most projectino of the occipital condyles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from the most anteriod part of the rostrum to the most posterior point of the skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| greatest width across the brain case posterior to the zygomatic arches |
|
|
Term
| least interorbital breadth |
|
Definition
| least distance dorsally between the orbits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| least distance across the top of the skull posterior to the postorbital process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| greatest distance between the outer margins of the zygomatic arches |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| length from the anterior edge of alveolus of first tooth present in the maxillae to the posterior edge of alveolus of last tooth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from anterior edge of premaxillae to anteriormost point on posterior edge of palate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| greatest length of the mandible usually excluding the teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| length form anterior edge of alveolus of canine or first cheek tooth to posterior edge of alveolus of last tooth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| usually long stiff hairs with well-innervated bases surrounded by many blood vessel. Serve as tactile receptors. Best known as 'whiskers' on face but can also be located on ankles and elsewhere. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 'over hairs', most conspicuous hairs on most mammals. Serve as protection. Three types: spines, bristles, and awns. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| greatly enlarged, stiff guard hairs with definitive growth, often with barbs on the tips |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| long, firm guard hairs with angora growth. Lion and horse manes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| guard hairs with definitive growth that have a firm expanded distal portion and a smaller weaker base. most noticeable hairs on most mammals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| insulation hairs (wool, fur, velli) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| angora underhair that is usually long, soft, and curly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| find, relatively short underhair with definitive growth that grows densely over the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| down/fuzz. fine, short hairs that are velvety in |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mammals, including humans, that have teeth with short or low crowns and well-developed roots |
|
|
