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male reproductive system
production
85
Medical
Undergraduate 1
03/11/2011

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Term
testis
Definition
primary male sex organs, paired, oval-shaped, and enclosed in a sac called the scrotum. tested produces spermatozoa [sperm cells] and the hormone testosterone
Term
sperm [spermatozoon]
Definition
the microscopic male germ cell, which, when united with the ovum, produces a zygote [fertilized egg] that with subsequent development becomes an embryo
Term
testosterone
Definition
principle male sex hormone. its chief function is to stimulate the development of the male reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics such as facial hair
Term
seminiferous tubules
Definition
up to 900 coiled tubes within the testes in which spermatogenesis occurs
Term
epididymis
Definition
a coiled 20-foot tube atop each of the testes that carries the mature sperm up to the vas deferens
Term
vas deferens, ductus deferens, or seminal duct
Definition
duct carrying the sperm from the epididymis to the urethra [the urethra also connects with the urinary bladder and carries urine outside the body. a circular muscle constricts during intercourse to prevent urination.]
Term
seminal vesicles
Definition
two main glands located at the base of the bladder that open into the vas deferens. the glands secret a thick fluid, which forms part of the semen
Term
prostate gland
Definition
encircles the upper end of the urethra. the prostate gland secrets a fluid that aids in movement of sperm and ejaculation
Term
scrotum
Definition
sac suspended on both sides of and just behind the penis. testes are enclosed withing
Term
penis
Definition
male organ of urination and copulation
Term
glans penis
Definition
enlarged tip on end of penis
Term
prepuce
Definition
foreskin
Term
semen
Definition
composed of sperm, seminal fluids, and other secretions
Term
genitalia
Definition
reproductive organs
Term
balan/o
Definition
glans penis
Term
epididym/o
Definition
epididymis
Term
orchid/o, orchi/o, orch/o, test/o
Definition
testis, testicle
Term
prostat/o
Definition
prostate gland
Term
vas/o
Definition
vessel, duct
Term
vesicul/o
Definition
seminal vesicle
Term
andr/o
Definition
male
Term
sperm/o, spermat/o
Definition
spermatozoon, sperm
Term
trans-
Definition
through, across, beyond
Term
-ism
Definition
state of
Term
anorchism
Definition
state of absense of testis
Term
balanitis
Definition
inflammation of the glans penis
Term
balanorrhea
Definition
excessive discharge from glans penis
Term
benign prostatic hyperplasia [BPH]
Definition
excessive development pertaining to the prostate gland [nonalignment enlargement of prostate gland]
Term
cryptorchidism
Definition
state of hidden testes.
Term
epididymitis
Definition
inflammation of an epedidymis
Term
orchiepididymitis
Definition
inflammation of testis and epididymis
Term
orchitis, orchiditis, testitis
Definition
inflammation of testis or tesicle
Term
prostatitis
Definition
inflammation of prostate gland
Term
prostatocystitis
Definition
inflammation of prostate gland and bladder
Term
prostatolith
Definition
stone in prostate gland
Term
prostatorrhea
Definition
excessive discharge from prostate gland
Term
prostatovesiculitis
Definition
inflammation of prostate gland and seminal vesicles
Term
erectile dysfunction
Definition
inability of the male to attain or maintain an erection sufficient to perform sexual intercourse [formerly known as impotence]
Term
hydrocele
Definition
scrotal swelling caused by collection of fluid
Term
phimosis
Definition
a tightness of foreskin that prevent its retraction over glans. may be congenital or a result of balanitis. circumcision is usual treatment.
Term
priapism
Definition
persistent abnormal erection of the penis accompanied by pain and tenderness
Term
prostate cancer
Definition
cancer of prostate gland
Term
testicular carcinoma
Definition
cancer of testicle
Term
testicular torsion
Definition
twisting of spermatic cord causion decreased blood flow to testis. occurs most often during puberty. because of lack of blood flow to testis, considered medical emergency
Term
varicocele
Definition
enlarged veins of spermatic cord
Term
balanoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of glans penis
Term
epididymectomy
Definition
excision of epidydmis
Term
orchidectomy, orchiectomy
Definition
excision of testis. aka castration
Term
orchidopexy, orchiopexy
Definition
surgical fixation of a testicle [performed to bring undescended testicles into scrotum]
Term
orchidotomy, orchiotomy
Definition
incision into a testis
Term
orchioplasty
Definition
surgical repair of a testis
Term
prostatectomy
Definition
excision of prostate gland
Term
prostatocystotomy
Definition
incision into the prostate gland and bladder
Term
prostatolithotomy
Definition
incision into the proistate gland to remove a stone
Term
prostatovesiculectomy
Definition
excision of prostate gland and seminal vesicles
Term
vasectomy
Definition
excision of a duct [partial excision of vas deferens bilaterally, resulting in male sterilization]
Term
vasovasostomy
Definition
creation of artifical openings between ducts [ the severed ends of the vas deferens are reconnected in an attempt to restore fertility in men who have had a vasectomy]
Term
vesiculectomy
Definition
excision of seminal vesicle
Term
circumcision
Definition
surgical removal of foreskiin
Term
hydrocelectomy
Definition
surgical remoival of hydrocele
Term
penile implant
Definition
surgical implantation of a penis prosthesis to correct erectile dysfunction
Term
suprapubic prostatectomy
Definition
excision of prostate gland through an abdominal incision made above the pubic bone. used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer
Term
transurethral incision of prostate gland [TUIP]
Definition
a surgical precedure that widens the urethra by making a few small incision in the bladder neck and the prostate gland. no prostate tissue is removed. TUIP may be used instead of TURP when prostate gland is less enlarged
Term
transurethral microwave thermotherapy [TUMT]
Definition
a treatment that eliminates excess cells present in a benign prostatic hyperplasia by using heat generated by microwave
Term
transurethral resection of the prostate gland [TURP]
Definition
successive pieces of the prostate gland tissue are resected by using a resectoscope inserted through the urethra. the capsule is left intact. usually performed when the enlarged prostate gland interferes with urination
Term
transrectal ultrasound
Definition
an ultrasound proceduyre used to diagnose prostate cancer. sound waves are obtained by placing a prove into the rectum. the sound waves are transformed into an image of the prostate gland.
Term
prostate=specific antigen [PSA]
Definition
a blood test that measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood. elevated test results may indicate the prsence of prostate cancer.
Term
digital rectal examination [DRE]
Definition
a physical examination in which physician inserts a finger into rectum and feels for size and shape of rectal wall. used to screen for BPH and cancer of prostate. BPH usually presents as a uniform, nontender enlargement whereas cancer usually presents as a stony hard module.
Term
andropathy
Definition
diseases of the male [that is, peculiar to the male, such as a testitis]
Term
oligospermia
Definition
condition of scanty sperm in semen
Term
spermatolysis
Definition
dissolution of sperm
Term
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS]
Definition
a disease that affects the body's immune system, transmitted by exchange of body fluid during the sexual act, reuse of contaminated needles, or receiving contaminated blood transfusions
Term
artificial insemination
Definition
introduction of semen into vagina by artificial means
Term
chlamydia
Definition
an std, sometimes referred to as a silent STD because many people are not aware they have the disease. symptoms that occur when the disease becomes serious are painful urination and discharge from penis in men and genital itching, vaginal discarhge, and bleeding between menstrual periods in women. causative agent is c. trachomatis
Term
coitus
Definition
sexual intercourse between male and female aka copulation
Term
genital herpes
Definition
std caused by herpesvirus bominis type 2 [aka herpes simplex virus]
Term
gonads
Definition
male and female sex glands
Term
gonorrhea
Definition
contagious, inflammatory sexually transmitted disease caused by bacterial organism that affects the mucuous membranes of genitourinary system
Term
human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]
Definition
a type of retrovirus that causes AIDS. HIV infects T-helper cells of the immune system, allowing for opportunistic infecitons such as candidiasis, p.carinii pneuomonia, tuberculosis, and kaposia sarcoma
Term
human papilloma virus [HPV]
Definition
A prevalent STD causing benign or cancerous growths in male and female genitals [aka venereal warts]
Term
prosthesis
Definition
an artifical replacement of an absent body part
Term
puberty
Definition
period hwne secondary sex characteristics develope and the ability to reproduce sexually begins
Term
sterilization
Definition
process that renders an indiviudal unable to produce offspring
Term
syphillis
Definition
infectious STD having lesions that can affect any organ or tissue; a syphilitic mother may transmit the disease to hjer unborn infant because the causative organism is able to pass through the placenta
Term
trichomoniasis
Definition
AN STD caused by a one-cell organism, trichomonas. it infects the genitourinary tract. men may be asymptomatic of may devlope urethritis, an enlarged prostate gland, or epididymitis. women have vaginal itching, dysuria, and vaginal or urethral discharge
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