Term
| 6 major metabolic causes of peripheral edema |
|
Definition
CHF
Cirrhosis
Nephrotic syndrome
Hypothyroidism
Idiopathic cyclic edema (menstruation)
Pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| How CHF, Cirrhosis and Nephrotic syndrome cause peripheral edema |
|
Definition
| Decreased renal perfusion leads to activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone syndrome. This leads to increased sodium and water retention to maintain effective blood volume |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Paired white lines on the fingernails
seen in hypoalbuminemia |
|
|
Term
| Trace glucose in the urine |
|
Definition
| May suggest diabetes, but also seen with massive albuminuria as another sign of proximal tubular dysfunction |
|
|
Term
| Signs pointing towards Nephrotic syndrome |
|
Definition
Casts with fatty inclusions and fat bodies
increased hepatic synthesis of lipoproteins |
|
|
Term
| Nephrotic syndrome - sequence of events |
|
Definition
Glomerular defect
Massive proteinuria
Hypoalbuminemia
Edema
Decreased renal blood flow
Renal retention of salt and water
More edema |
|
|
Term
| Possible histological diagnoses from a renal biopsy |
|
Definition
Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis
Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis
Membranous glomerulopathy
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
| Patient's final diagnosis from this lecture |
|
Definition
| Membranous glomerulopathy - an immune complex form of glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
| "C CHIP N' DALE" - mnemonic for causes of peripheral edema |
|
Definition
CHF
Cirrhosis
Hypothyroidism
Intermittent cyclical edema (menstruation)
Pregnancy
Nephrotic syndrome
Decreased renal perfusion
Alcohol
Liver
Edema |
|
|
