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Macroeconomics
Intermediate Macro
15
Economics
Undergraduate 2
02/12/2014

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Term
Unemployment rate
Definition
A percentage that expresses the ratio of the number of jobless
individuals actively looking for work or on temporary layoff
divided by the total employed and unemployed in the labor
force.
Term
Expansion
Definition
Period in the business cycle between the trough and the peak.
Term
Macroeconomics
Definition
The study of the major economic totals, or aggregates.
Term
Target variables
Definition
Economic aggregates whose values society cares about-society's
goals.
Term
Inflation rate
Definition
The percentage rate of increase in the economy's average level
of prices.
Term
Actual real GOP
Definition
The value of total output corrected for any changes in prices.
Term
Stabilization policy
Definition
Any policy that seeks to influence the level of aggregate
demand.
Term
Real GOP gap (output gap)
Definition
The percentage difference between actual and natural real
GOP.
Term
Natural rate of unemployment
Definition
The level of unemployment at which the inflation rate is
constant, with no tendency to accelerate or decelerate.
Term
Gross domestic product {GOP)
Definition
The value of all currently produced goods and services sold on
the market during a particular time interval.
Term
Policy instruments
Definition
Elements that government policymakers can manipulate
directly to influence target variables.
Term
Business cycles
Definition
Expansions occurring at about the same time in many
economic activities, followed by similarly general recessions and
recoveries that merge into the expansion phase of the next
cycle.
Term
Natural real GOP
Definition
The level of real GOP at which the inflation rate is constant, with
no tendency to accelerate or decelerate.
Term
Monetary policy
Definition
Changes made in the money supply or interest rates or both in
order to try to influence target variables.
Term
Fiscal policy
Definition
Manipulations of government expenditures and tax rates in
order to try to influence target variables.
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