Term
| Despite never having had titled nobility, the United States has a _____. |
|
Definition
| highly stratified society |
|
|
Term
| During recent decades, income equality in the United States has increased, due in part to the fact that _____ now receive a much larger share of all income. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most of the better paying white-collar jobs require _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nothing affects social standing in the United States as much as _____. |
|
Definition
| being born into a particular family |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following occupations has higher social prestige than a bookkeeper? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The "new rich" in America often can be recognized by their _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Social mobility is most pronounced in the _____ class. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Members of the "upper-upper class" are also referred to as _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most upper class people fall into the _____ class. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| About _____ of the U.S. population belongs to the working class. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which people are most likely to vote and join political organizations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Poor people in America, on average, live _____ fewer years than rich people. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The economic downturn that hit hard in 2008 and 2009 changed the direction of structural social mobility to a(n) _____ direction. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Overall, the real income of _____ has changed very little in three decades. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Within a single generation, social mobility is usually _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Evidence shows that people who _____ accumulate about twice as much wealth as others. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The expectation of _____ is deeply rooted in U.S. culture. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Underlying the shifts in U.S. class structure is _____. |
|
Definition
| : industrial production moving overseas |
|
|
Term
| Since 1970, the poverty rate in America has _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Of all poor people over the age of 18, most are _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When work disappears, the result is _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| he weight of sociological evidence points to _____ as the primary cause of poverty in the United States. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The typical person receiving welfare in the United States is a(n) _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The wealth of the rich in America mostly comes from _____. |
|
Definition
| stocks and other income-producing investments |
|
|
Term
| Karl Marx divides society into _____ major classes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One researcher found that _____ friendships typically serve as sources of material assistance. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ social mobility is a change in social position occurring during a person's lifetime. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Social class has a great deal to do with _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| earning from work or other investments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| total value of money and other assets, minus outstanding debts |
|
|
Term
| _____ is among the world's poorest countries. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The high-income areas of the world include all of the following EXCEPT _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Low-income countries are mostly _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In 2008, the U.N. Development Programme rated _____ as having the highest "quality of life" index. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Population growth is highest in _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ is the process by which some nations enrich themselves through political and economic control of other nations. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Until a few centuries ago, the entire world was _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Historically, industrialization has brought _____ along with it. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Poverty in India is not marked by _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When the world's most developed countries use themselves as the standard for judging the rest of the world, it reveals a(n) _____ bias. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As colonialism spread, _____ emerged. |
|
Definition
| the international slave trade |
|
|
Term
| Low-income countries represent the _____ of the world economy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the past 25 or 30 years, the greatest reduction in poverty occurred in _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dubai's recent building boom has been accomplished largely by the labor of _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most countries are identified as _____ countries. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Owing to the power of _____, the Netherlands is more productive than the continent of Africa south of the Sahara. |
|
Definition
| industrial and computer technology |
|
|
Term
| The term _____ refers to some 1,800 mainly Hispanic settlements in southern Texas where people live in poverty. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In middle-income countries, the poorest people live in _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The percentage of births attended by skilled health staff is highest in _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The _____ theory is a model of social and economic development that explains global inequality in terms of technological and cultural differences between nations. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to modernization theory, one of the roles that high-income countries play in global economic development is _____. |
|
Definition
| increasing food production |
|
|
Term
| One criticism of the _____ theory is that it is just a defense of capitalism. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ theory asserts that people living in poor countries were better off economically in the past than their descendents are today. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the _____ theory, rich countries are part of the solution to global poverty, not part of the problem. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The text asserts that the biggest problem we may face in the 21st century is _____. |
|
Definition
| the huge economic inequality that exists between countries |
|
|
Term
| The term _____ refers to the patterns of social inequality in the world. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ has recently joined the ranks of other middle-income countries. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| It is likely that about 70% of the world's 1.4 billion people living near absolute poverty are _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The _____ form of slavery involves the moving of men, women, and children from one place to another for the purpose of performing forced labor. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The term _____ refers to a form of global power relationships that involves not direct political control but economic exploitation by multinational corporations. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Modernization theory follows the _____ approach. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reflecting the interests of the United States in the 1950s when his writing was done, Rostow uses an analogy between a(n) _____ and his stages of modernization to explain his ideas. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Traditional people in India believe in _____, a Hindu concept of duty and destiny that teaches people to accept their fate, whatever it may be. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The dependency theory follows the _____ approach. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Proponents of the dependency theory assert that since the Industrial Revolution, rich nations have _____ poor nations. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the process by which some nations enrich themselves by political and economic control of other nations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
a model
explains that global inequality comes from historically rich nations exploiting poor nations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
- a model
-global inequality is because of technical and cultural differences between nations |
|
Definition
-its modern now days to search for ones culture (hippies/skatter/labels) |
|
|
Term
| a large business that operates in many countries |
|
Definition
| multinational corporations |
|
|
Term
-global power
-no direct control but economic exploitation by multinational corporations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In _____, women come closest to social equality with men. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Great Britain and Australia have adopted _____ policies, but such policies have not found much acceptance in the United States. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At the heart of the public debate about women's role in the military is the view of women as _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To those who defend _____ as promoting "morality," critics respond that it is violence against women. |
|
Definition
| female genital mutilation |
|
|
Term
| The _____ approach to explaining the role of gender in society has lost much of its standing today. |
|
Definition
structural-functional
-bc the structure (institutions) are doing SHIT
|
|
|
Term
| The _____ approach takes a micro-level look at gender in everyday life. |
|
Definition
symbolic- interaction
-about the individual= micro |
|
|
Term
| During the past 100 years, changes regarding gender and the U.S. society have been _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| analysis of the interplay of races, class, and gender, often resulting of multiple dimensions of disadvantage |
|
Definition
intersection theory
(MANY sections involved and MANY dimensions of disadvantages) |
|
|
Term
| Which state listed below has the lowest percentage of racial and ethnic minority populations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One measure of _____ is how closely people are willing to interact with members of some category. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Discrimination is a matter of _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the Dred Scott case of 1857, the U.S. Supreme Court addressed which question? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following groups of Hispanic Americans has the highest median family income? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Another, more modern term for Mongoloid is _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which racial/ethnic category represents the highest percentage of the U.S. minority population? |
|
Definition
| those of Hispanic descent |
|
|
Term
| One important characteristic of U.S. minorities is _____. |
|
Definition
| they share a distinctive identity |
|
|
Term
| Theodor Adorno and his colleagues proposed the _____ theory to explain the existence of prejudice. |
|
Definition
authoritarian personality
(Adorno...a=athority, dont say NO to authority)
|
|
|
Term
| The _____ theory proposes that prejudice is used as a tool by the powerful to oppress others. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ refers to a state in which all races and ethnicities are distinct but have equal social standing. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ is a deadly form of racism and ethnocentricity that violates nearly every recognized moral standard, but it still occurs time and again in human history. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The term "Native American" refers to _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| By about the 1950s in the United States, _____ power and wealth had peaked, as indicated by the 1960 election of John Kennedy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The heaviest concentration of Arab American communities can be found _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process in which minorities ADOPT patterns of the dominant culture |
|
|
Term
| a shared cultural heritage |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the systemic killing of one catchegory of people by another |
|
|
Term
| biological reproduction by partners of different races |
|
Definition
miscgenation
(SOUNDS LIKE mixed-genes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| races and ethnicities are different but have equal standings |
|
|
Term
| ppl who share biological transmitted traits |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a simplified description given to the same ppl in a category |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The term baby boomers refers to _____ |
|
Definition
| people born between 1946 and 1964 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| _____ is the study of aging and the elderly. |
|
|
Term
| The film Gran Torino, starring Clint Eastwood, is about _____. |
|
Definition
| the challenges of growing old in a modern society |
|
|
Term
| According to the _____ analysis, older people are pushed out of their jobs and replaced by younger workers to ensure that society proceeds in an orderly way. |
|
Definition
structural-functional
(CANT be symbolic interaction bc not micro, concerns all of society..structure?) |
|
|
Term
| the idea that high level of activity increases personal satisfaction in old age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removing older people from positions of responcibility as they get older |
|
|
Term
| -social organization in which the elderly have the most wealth, power, and prestige |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the study of the aging society = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Agriculture, raising animals, fishing, foresting, and mining all part of the _____ sector. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Secretarial and clerical positions are part of the _____ sector. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An ideal _____ economy has collective ownership of property, pursuit of collective goals, and government control of the economy. |
|
Definition
socialist
(collective, NOT as radical as communism) |
|
|
Term
| An ideal _____ economy offers social equality to all of society's members. |
|
Definition
communist
(equality to ALL= most radical = communism)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the government owns some of the largest industries, such as transportation and health care, but most industries are privately owned.
(GOV owns SOME of the large)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
companies are privately owned, but they cooperate closely with the government.
(GOV owns less, infact GOV owns none..just works closely)
|
|
|
Term
| _____ is one of many countries that have recently begun to move toward more socialist governments. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The _____ labor market offers jobs that provide minimal benefits to workers. |
|
Definition
secondary
(worse the clerks...who are tertiary) |
|
|
Term
| A _____ is a giant corporation composed of many smaller corporations. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-hypothetical
-all members a socially equal in government |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a giant corporation made up of smaller corporations |
|
|
Term
| -organization with legal existance, seperate from it's members |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| organizes a society's productions, distribution, and consumption |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -based on service work and high technology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extensive benifits to workers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -draws natural raw materail from the environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| minimal benifit to workers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
raw materials to manufactered goods
(manufacture the RAW MATERIAL from primary sector) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
involves service rather than goods
(goods are all made at this point) |
|
|
Term
| political system that denies people participation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formal organization that directs political society |
|
|
Term
| Marxist-political economy model |
|
Definition
| politics in term of the OPERATION of economic system |
|
|
Term
| Military Industrial Complex |
|
Definition
| close association of the federal government and the military |
|
|
Term
| sees powers as spread among many other competing groups |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Political Action Committee |
|
Definition
| raise money in support of political goals |
|
|
Term
| power legalized by making more rules and regulations |
|
Definition
rational legal authority
(aka buercratic society) |
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|
