Term
| What are the two approaches to transmission media into classes |
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Definition
| Guided (wired) and Unguided (wireless) |
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Term
| What are the three forms of energy used in Data Communications? |
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Definition
| Electrical for wires, radio for wires, light for fiber |
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Term
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Definition
| Contracts defining the rules of communication between two or more entities at the different layers |
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Term
| What are the 7 layers of the OSI Model |
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Definition
| Application(7), Presentation(6), System(5), Transport(4), Network(3), Data Link(2), Physical(1) |
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Term
| Application is handled by which layers? |
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Definition
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Term
| TCP/UDP is handled by which layers? |
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Definition
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Term
| IP is handled by which layers? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ethernet is handled by which layers? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 5 reasons why Layering is good? |
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Definition
1. Clear separation of tasks
2. Independent communication through protocols
3. No duplication of effort
4. Abstraction
5. Easier to debug |
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Term
| Which Layer accepts frames from the Data Link layer and generates appropriate signals as changes in voltage at the Network Interface Card(NIC)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Hubs and repeaters operate at which layer? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which layer divides data received from the Network Layer(3) into frames that can be transmitted by the Physical Layer (1)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Data Link has 2 sublayers, what are they and what do they do? |
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Definition
1. Logical Link Control (LLC): interface to the Network Layer Protocols
2. Media Access Control (MAC) manages Physical Layer |
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Term
| Which Layer relates the network addresses into their physical counter parts? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Layer decides how to route data from sender to receiver? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which layer do routers operate at? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Layer accepts data from Session Layer and manages end to end delivery of data? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Layer uses Flow Control, which gauges the appropriate rate of transmission based on how fast recipient can accept data |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Layer coordinates and maintain communication between two nodes on the network? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Layer establishes and keeps the connection alive? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Layer keeps communication secure? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Layer synchronizes the dialogue between nodes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Layer determines whether communication has been cut off? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Layer accepts Application Layer data and formats it so that an application can understand data from another application? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Layer does MIME conversion and transformation from HTTP? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Layer manages data encryption and decryption? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Layer is a programming interface to the network stack for applications to use? |
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Definition
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Term
| HTTP used in Browsers is an example Layer ___ protocol. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 types of Physical Topologies (layer 1)? |
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Definition
1. Point to Point
2. Bus
3. Ring
4. Star |
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Term
| What are the 2 types of Network Topologies (layer 2)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which topology is used to describe how the wires, fibers, or airwaves are used to connect stations to each other? |
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Definition
| Physical Topology (Layer 1) |
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Term
| Which topology is the lowest level |
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Definition
| Physical Topology (Layer 1) |
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Term
| Each Layer 1 physical connection is a Layer ___ "segment" |
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Definition
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Term
| Half Duplex: Station A is talking, Station B is _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| In point to point, each station talks only to ____ station(s) |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ Duplex: Both A and B are talking and listening simultaneously. |
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Definition
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Term
| In bus, single medium and bandwidth is shared by ___ station(s) |
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Definition
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Term
| In bus, ____ station(s) may transmit to the media at any given time |
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Definition
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Term
| in ___ topology: stations listen to all traffic and act on data directed to it. Use broadcast to send data |
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Definition
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Term
| A group of stations that can communicate by means of a broadcast message is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| When a signal travels endlessly between two network ends, it is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ are 50 ohm resistors that stops a signal at the end of a wire |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an advantage of bus? |
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Definition
| It is relatively inexpensive. |
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Term
| What are the 3 disadvantages of bus? |
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Definition
1. does not scale well
2. difficult to troubleshoot
3. not very fault tolerant |
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Term
| In ring topology, which direction does data transmission move? |
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Definition
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Term
| In ring topology, a ____ usually controls access to the media. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two drawbacks of ring topology? |
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Definition
1. not flexible or scalable
2. one malfunctioning station brings down the network |
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Term
| In a Star topology, the device in the center can be both _____ and _____ |
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Definition
| Passive (electrically repeats signals) and active (receives entire frames and retransmits) |
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Term
| What are the 2 disadvantages to star topology? |
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Definition
1. requires more cabling and configuration
2. requires more planning |
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Term
| What are the 2 advantages to star topology? |
|
Definition
1. fault tolerance
2. scalability |
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Term
| Network topologies (Layer 2) may have ____ physical topologies? |
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Definition
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Term
| Layer 2 networks are always bordered by Layer ___ devices (____) which link them to Inter-Networks. |
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Definition
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Term
| All stations are connected to all other stations (fully connected graph) in a ___ ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| In a ____ ___, there is more than one way to get from point A to point B in the network |
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Definition
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Term
| Is Mesh practical for Ethernet? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Mesh is sometimes used on Layer ___ for redundancy |
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Definition
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Term
| A combination of two or more physical topologies is called a |
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Definition
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Term
| When multiple layer 1 topologies connect to create a layer 2 network it is called a |
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Definition
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Term
| Combinations of Layer 2 networks using a common protocol at layer 3 describe which topology? |
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Definition
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Term
| A router is a Layer ___ device that will separate or link one or more Layer ___ networks |
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Definition
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Term
| In a Shared connection, Is Media Access Control needed? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| In a Non-Shared connection, Is Media Access Control needed? |
|
Definition
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Term
| Media that is shared is considered a ____ ___ no matter how it is physically connected. |
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Definition
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Term
| In point to point, is media shared? |
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Definition
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Term
| If 2 stations can electrically interfere with each other they are on the same ____? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| ___ / ____ can create a collision domain. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| ___ / ___ can separate or isolate collision domains |
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Definition
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|
Term
| A ___ creates a star of point to point links |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Multiple signals over a single medium is called? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| One signal over a single medium is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Noise reduction is mostly done by ___ |
|
Definition
| metal, it acts as a shield because it absorbs radiation |
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Term
| What are the 3 forms of wiring? |
|
Definition
1. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
2. Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
3. Coaxial |
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Term
| What are some problems with Twisted pair? |
|
Definition
1. Problems with strong electrical noise, close proximity to the source of noise, high frequencies
2. If it is running above the ceiling on top of a fluorescent light fixture
3. Factory that uses electric arc welding equipment
4. It's difficult to build equipment that can distinguish between valid signals and noise |
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Term
| What are the two popular standards used when building cables? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 benefits of Ethernet? |
|
Definition
1. Flexible
2. Excellent throughput
3. Reasonable cost |
|
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Term
| What controls how nodes access communications channels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Carrier Sense Multiple Access/ Collision Detection |
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Term
|
Definition
| stations listen and wait until a free channel is detected |
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Term
|
Definition
| stations simultaneously monitor traffic, access media |
|
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Term
| What is collision detection? |
|
Definition
| stations assume collision will happen within first 512 bits of transmission |
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Term
| The time it takes for data to travel across an entire length of wire is called what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
5 segments
4 repeaters
3 populated segments |
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Term
| If a packet has a length greater than 0x600 then it is a ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Frame Check Sequence - a checksum to validate data in the frame |
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|
Term
00:A0:D2:39:4D:74
would be an example of? |
|
Definition
| Media Access Control Address |
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|
Term
| A port for a ___ / ___ is its own collision domain. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is there a possibility of a collision with full duplex Ethernet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Can full duplex Ethernet transmit and receive data simultaneously? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ethernet frames with payload greater than 1500 bytes. |
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|
Term
| Jumbo frames are only used in ___ duplex |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How do jumbo frames help increase throughput? |
|
Definition
| by reducing CPU overhead to process each frame |
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Term
| For Jumbo frames, what is the agreed maximum for high performance networks? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Medium dependent Interface |
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