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Mabary Review Chapters 27-35
Final review questions
95
Music
Graduate
05/14/2009

Additional Music Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Attempt to unify a group of people by creating a national identity
Definition
Nationalism
Term
An escape from modern city life untilizing customs and musical influences of countries other than your own
Definition
Exoticism
Term
Reminiscence motif
Definition
Distinctive theme from earlier scenes that serve as a unifying factor
Term
Name Verdi's most popular operas
Definition
Rigoletto, Il Trovatore, La Traviata, Aida, Otello, Falstaff
Term
Verismo
Definition
Nineteenth-century operatic MOVEMENT that presents everyday people in familiar situations, often depicting sordid or brutal events.
Term
List 2 operatic examples of verismo
Definition

Cavalleria Rusticana - Mascagni

 

I Pagliacci - Leoncavallo

Term
The most successful Italian opera comoser after Verdi
Definition
Giacomo Puccini
Term
Manon Lescant, La Boheme, Tosca, Mdm Butterfly, Turandot
Definition
The most popular operas by Puccini
Term
Who was the term "music drama" associated with?
Definition
Richard Wagner
Term
In an OPERA or MUSIC DRAMA, a MOTIVE, THEME, or musical idea associated with a person, thing, mood, or idea, which returns in original or altered form throughout.
Definition
Leitmotif
Term
Define Gesamtkunstwerk
Definition
Term coined by Richard Wagner for a dramatic work in which poetry, scenic design, staging, action, and music all work together toward one artistic expression.
Term
Rienzi, Die fliegende Hollander, Tannhauser, Lohegrin, Der Ring des Nibelungen were all operas by whom?
Definition
Wagner
Term
The first Russian composer to be recognized by both Russians and his international counterparts as an equal to his Western contemporaties.
Definition
Glinka
Term
Life of a Tsar was composed by whom
Definition
Glinka
Term
"The Mighty Handful" or commonly referred to as the Russian 5
Definition
 Balakirev, Borodin, Cui, Musorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov
Term
Considered to be the most original of the Russian 5
Definition
Musorgsky
Term
The best orchestrator of the Russian 5
Definition
Rimsky-Korsakov
Term
Trademark scales of Russian music of the late 19th cen and early 20th cen
Definition
Wholetone and Octatonic
Term
Composer who established the early Czech nationalist identity
Definition

Smetana

 

 

Term
The focus of the dispute in German-speaking lands that polarized around Brahms and Wagner
Definition

New music vs Traditional

 

program vs absolute

 

Extramusical vs traditional

 

(all were cited)

Term
How many symphonies did Brahms write?
Definition
4
Term
Why did Brahms write so few symphonies
Definition
They would all be compared to Beethoven
Term
Who is Brahms the orchestral and chamber music successor to
Definition
Beethoven
Term
How does Brahms' German Requiem differ from the Latin Requiem
Definition

Brahms takes his text from the Apocrypha, old and new testament and not from the traditional latin mass.

 

This is also the first instance that a mass was written for the living and not the dead

Term
Who wrote "On the Beautiful in Music"?
Definition
Hanslick
Term
Promoted absolute music and stated that music should stand on its own rather than incorporating anything outside of music (program or text)
Definition
Hanslick
Term
Credited with creating the symphonic poem
Definition
Liszt
Term
Term coined by Franz Liszt for a one-movement work of PROGRAM MUSIC for orchestra that conveys a poetic idea, story, scene, or succession of moods by presenting THEMES that are repeated, varied, or transformed.
Definition
symphonic poem
Term
A method devised by Franz Liszt to provide unity, variety, and a narrative-like logic to a composition by transforming the thematic material into new THEMES or other elements, in order to reflect the diverse moods needed to portray a PROGRAMMATIC subject.
Definition
Thematic transformation
Term
Name four symphonic poems written by Stauss
Definition
Don Juan, Till Eulenspiegel, Sprach Zorathustra, Don Quixote
Term
Technique used by Strauss in Don Quixote to represent the sheep
Definition
fluttertonging
Term
Compostition inspired by Musorgsky's late friend Victor Hartmann's artwork
Definition
Pictures at an Exhibition
Term
Ma Vlast represents which genre?
Definition

Symphonic poem

 

(cycle of 6)

Term
Who composed Ma Vlast?
Definition
Smetana
Term
Dvorak believed these to be the source of national music for the United States
Definition
American Indians and African Americans
Term
Dvorak's compositions that exemplify US nationalism
Definition
New World Symphony and String Quartet #12 in F Major
Term
What painting by whom established Impressionism?
Definition
Impression Sunrise by Monet
Term
Impressionism characteristics (painting)
Definition

caturing a moment in time

Unfinished brush strokes

effect of light on a subject

brought painter outside

Term
What two genres did Mahler typically write?
Definition

Orchestral song cycle

 

Symphony

Term
Name two Mahler song cycles with orchestra
Definition

Kindertotenlieder

 

Das Lied von der Erde

Term
How do Debussy's piano works represent a continuation of the 19th cen. character piece?
Definition
Evocative titles
Term
What is Debussy's "L'apres midi d'un faune" based on?
Definition
Mallarme's poem "Afternoon of a Fawn"
Term
Pelleas et Melisande
Definition
Debussy's only completed opera
Term
Descibe Satie's aesthetic
Definition
Spare, dry, capricious, brief, repetitive, paradistic, WHITTY, detached, emotionless
Term
radical break from the musical language of their predecessors and contemporaries while maintaining strong links to the tradition.
Definition
Modernism(ist)
Term
A form of ATONALITY based on the systematic ordering of the twelve notes of the CHROMATIC scale into a ROW that may be manipulated according to certain rules.
Definition
Twelve-tone method
Term
Term for music that avoids establishing a central pitch or tonal center (such as the TONIC in TONAL music)
Definition
Atonality
Term
Schoenberg painted in this style
Definition
Expressionism
Term
Schoenberg's 2 most well known students
Definition
Berg and Webern
Term
The name of Schoenberg's society for new music
Definition
The society for private music performance
Term
The second Viennese School
Definition
Schoenberg, Webern, Berg
Term
Freeing dissonance from its need to resolve to a consonance
Definition
The emancipation of dissonance - Schoenberg
Term
A collection of PITCH-CLASSES that preserves its identity when transposed, inverted, or reordered and used MELODICALLY or HARMONICALLY.
Definition
Pitch class set
Term
Early-twentieth-century term derived from art, in which music avoids all traditional forms of "beauty" in order to express deep personal feelings through exaggerated gestures, angular MELODIES, and extreme DISSONANCE.
Definition
Expressionism
Term

What genre did Pierre Lunaire illustrate?

 

Who was the poet?

 

What is the unique vocal style used?

Definition

Melodrama, song cycle

 

Albert Giraud

 

Sprechstimme

Term
The four way a 12 tone row may be represented
Definition

row - prime

inversion

retrograde

retrograde inversion

Term
Who comissioned Stravinsky's Ballets and where and what group premiered them.
Definition

Sergei Diaghilev

 

Ballet Russes

 

Paris

Term
Three divisions of Stravinsky's career
Definition

Russian Period - Firebird

 

Neo-classical period - Pulcinella

 

Serial Period - In memoriam Dylan Thomas

Term
Describe how Bartok represents early ethnomusicology
Definition
Blended rythmic, melodic and formal characteristics of peasant music with classical and modern traditions
Term
Group of French composers that went against convention in all aspects of life
Definition
Les Six
Term
Who made up the Les Six
Definition
Poulenc, Milhaud, Honnegar, Aurie, Tallefaire, Durey
Term
Who was the inspiration of the Les Six
Definition
Satie
Term
Term from the 1920s to describe music that was socially relevant and useful, especially music for amateurs, children, or workers to play or sing.
Definition
Gebrauchsmusik
Term
German Composer associated with Gebrauchsmusik
Definition
Hindemith
Term
What is Carl Orff's best known work
Definition
Carmina Burana
Term
Who was Carl Orff's source for Carmina
Definition
Stravinsky
Term
What area of music study are Orff and Kodaly best known for?
Definition
Music education/methods
Term
A doctrine of the Soviet Union, begun in the 1930s, in which all the arts were required to use a realistic approach (as opposed to an abstract or symbolic one) that portrayed socialism in a positive light. In music this meant use of simple, accessible language, centered on MELODY, and patriotic subject matter.
Definition
Socialist Realism
Term
Who were the two leading soviet composrs between the World Wars?
Definition
Shostakovitch and Prokofiev
Term
Term coined by Henry Cowell for a CHORD of DIATONIC or CHROMATIC seconds.
Definition
Tone Cluster
Term
Composer associated with Tone Clusters
Definition
Henry Cowell
Term
What technique is utilized in The Aolian Harp and The Banshee?
Definition
Plucking or strumming on the strings
Term
Describe Copland's Americanist Style
Definition
Spaciousness, simple melodies and harmonies, Jazz and strong dissonance
Term
Which Copland work is based on a Shaker hymn and exhibits the Americanist style
Definition
Appalacian Spring
Term
How does William Grant Still combine Nationalism and Western European tradition
Definition
Traditional 4 mvt symphony with African American influences of call and response, Jazz, dialogue, sync. and pop/comercial
Term
Where was Messiaen's Quartet for the End of Time written and first performed
Definition
POW camp
Term
The application of the principles of the TWELVE-TONE METHOD to musical parameters other than pitch, including duration, intensities, and TIMBRES. See SERIAL MUSIC.
Definition
Total serialism
Term
How does George Crumb bring innovation to ordinary instruments and objects?
Definition
new sounds with ordinary things:  musical saw, harmonica, mandolin, tibetian prayer stones, Japanese temple bells and electric piano
Term
Name three George Crumb compositions
Definition

Vox balaenae

 

Ancient Voices of Children

 

Black Angels

 

 

 

 

Term
Term coined by composers working in Paris in the 1940s for music composed by assembling and manipulating recorded sounds, working "concretely" with sound itself rather than with music NOTATION.
Definition
Musique concrete
Term
Who is associated with musique concrete
Definition
Pierre Schaeffer
Term
early electronic inst. controlled w/o contact from player.  Consists of 2 metal antennae which sense the players hand position controlling frequency and amplitude
Definition
Theremin
Term
Virtually the same as a theremin but larger with more controls
Definition
Ondes Martenot
Term
Who wrote Poeme electronique and what generated the sounds?
Definition
Varese - combines electronic and recorded sounds through 425 speakers (in first performance)
Term
Who wrote Threnody: To the Victimes of Hiroshima?
Definition
Penderecki
Term
Approach to composing music pioneered by John Cage, in which some of the decisions normally made by the composer are instead determined through random procedures, such as tossing coins. Chance differs from INDETERMINACY but shares with it the result that the sounds in the music do not convey an intention and are therefore to be experienced only as pure sound.
Definition
Chance music
Term
An approach to composition, pioneered by John Cage, in which the composer leaves certain aspects of the music unspecified. Should not be confused with CHANCE.
Definition
indeterminacy
Term
Who pioneered chance music and indeterminacy
Definition
John Cage
Term
One of the leading musical styles of the late twentieth century, in which materials are reduced to a minimum and procedures simplified so that what is going on in the music is immediately apparent. Often characterized by a constant pulse and many repetitions of simple RHYTHMIC, MELODIC, or HARMONIC patterns.
Definition
Minimalism
Term
Name Five Musical artists associated with Minimalism
Definition
Riley, Reich, Glass, John Adams, Young
Term
Who wrote Einstein on the Beach - a minimalist opera
Definition
Phillip Glass
Term
Who wrote Nixon in China - a minimalist opera
Definition
John Adams
Term
Trend in the late twentieth century that blurs the boundaries between high and popular art, and in which styles of all epochs and cultures are equally available for creating music.
Definition
Post modernism
Term
African popular music which merges popular styles from all cultures with traditional music from Africa.
Definition
World Beat
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