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M-Nin Ch.23 Evo. of Pop.
Evolution of Populations
12
Biology
Undergraduate 1
02/19/2009

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Term
Population
Definition
Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed, producing fertile offspring.
Term
Gene Pool
Definition
Pool of genetic resources(alleles), that in theory, is shared by all members of the population.
Term
Polymorphism
Definition
Traits come in two or more distinct forms.
Term
Gene Flow
Definition
The transfer of alleles into or out of a population due to the movement of fertile individuals or their gametes.
Term
Hardy-Weinberg Theorem
Definition
The frequencies of alleles in the gene pool will remain constant unless acted on by other agents. (Non-evolving Population)
Term
Hardy-Weinberg Theorem
Definition
p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
Term
Microevolution
Definition
Evolution in its smallest form; changes in allele frequencies in a population over time.
Term
Genetic Drift
Definition
Alleles frequencies fluctuate unpredictably from one generation to the next. note: especially in small populations.
Term
Bottleneck Effect
Definition
Genetic drift that occurs when the size of a population is reduced, as by a natural disaster or human actions. Typically, the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.
Term
Stabilizing Selection
Definition
Acts against both extreme phenotypes and favors intermediate variants.
Term
Directional Selection
Definition
Occurs when conditions favor individuals exhibiting one extreme of a phenotypic range, shifting the curve for phenotypic character in the direction of one extreme or another.
Term
Disruptive Selection
Definition
Occurs when conditions favor individuals at both extremes of a phenotypic range over individuals with intermediate phenotypes.
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