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M.A. glossary page 129
glossary from Appreciating Music by Karen Kuehmann and Nancy Tipton
42
Music
10th Grade
04/22/2009

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Term
homophony
Definition
musical texture in which a melody is accompanied by chords
Term
hymn
Definition
a sacred song of praise or thanksgiving to God
Term
idiophones
Definition
instruments that generate sound by being shaken or struck
Term
imitation
Definition
a restatement of thematic material in close succession in different voice or instrumental lines
Term
imitative entrances
Definition
music in which each part comes in separately, using the same melodic material
Term
impressionism
Definition
a style in art and music, dominant during the last quarter of the 19th century, that emphasized the impression of an object rather than the object itself; characterized by an interplay of light and color rather than in definite lines
Term
improvisation
Definition
performing music spontaneously rather than reading written music
Term
incidental music
Definition
music intended for performance during a play; such music may set a mood behind dialogue or between scenes
Term
interlude
Definition
music performed between two entities, such as two acts of a play or opera, two compositions, or two sections of the same composition
Term
interval
Definition
the distance between two pitches
Term
introduction
Definition
a passage of music that introduces a composition
Term
inversion
Definition
the process of inverting the intervals in a melody; primarily used in theme and variations form and in serial music
Term
inversion-retrograde
Definition
the process of inverting the intervals in a melody while simultaneously reversing the intervals in a melody; primarily used in theme and variations form and in serial music
Term
key
Definition
the organization of music around a tonic or keynote
Term
key signature
Definition
the sharp or flat signs placed on the staff after the clef sign to indicate the key of a composition
Term
keynote
Definition
the tonic or principal note of a scale
Term
largo
Definition
tempo meaning "very slow, broad"
Term
legato
Definition
smooth and connected; the opposite of staccato
Term
lento
Definition
tempo marking meaning "very slow"
Term
libretto
Definition
the text of an opera or oratorio
Term
lied (pl. lieder)
Definition
a solo song in which the vocalist and pianist complement each other and are equally important
Term
lyrics
Definition
the words of a song
Term
maestoso
Definition
Italian: in a majestic style
Term
major
Definition
music having C (do) as its tonic
Term
major scale
Definition
a scale having a certain pattern of half steps and whole steps (WWHWWWH
Term
marcato
Definition
an accented, separated style of performance
Term
measure
Definition
the distance between two bar lines
Term
melisma
Definition
a vocal passage with several notes sung to one syllable of text
Term
melodic contour
Definition
the shape or outline of a melody
Term
melodic rhythm
Definition
the rhythm pattern of a melody and words of a song; different from the pulse
Term
melody
Definition
a group of pitches with contour and rhythm; a tune
Term
membranophones
Definition
instruments that generate sound with a vibratin membrane
Term
meno mosso
Definition
Italian: with less motion, not as fast
Term
meter
Definition
the division of of music based on strong and weak pulses; most commonly divided into groups of twos or threes
Term
meter signature
Definition
a sign, usually at the beginning of a composition, that indicates the meter of a piece; the top number indicates how many pulses are in a measure, the bottom indicates what kind of note receives one pulse, also called TIME SIGNATURE (that's more like it!)
Term
mezzo forte
Definition
Italian: moderately loud
Term
mezzo piano
Definition
Italian: moderately soft
Term
mezzo soprano
Definition
a female singer whose range is between a soprano and alto
Term
middle C
Definition
the C nearest the middle of the piano keyboard
Term
MIDI
Definition
the acronym for Musical Instrument Digital Interface
Term
minimalism
Definition
a trend in the arts in the 20th century; reduces art to a minimal design or motive
Term
minor
Definition
music having A (la) as its tonic
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