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LVN
Intro Sociolgy
92
Nursing
Professional
03/23/2014

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Cards

Term
Which sociologist studied suicide?
Definition
Emile Durkheim
Term
Max Weber is best known for his study of...
Definition
The Protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism
Term
Which theorist is considered to be the founder of the field of sociology?
Definition
Auguste Comte
Term
The sociological imagination links an individual's experiences to his/her...
Definition
Place in the larger society.
Term
Concepts such as inequality, power, and exploitation are most clearly associated with which sociological perspective?
Definition
Conflict
Term
A sociologist wishes to collect data from a random sample of 2000 participants spread across the U.S. Which of the following research methods would be best suited for this?
Definition
Survey
Term
Amy believes her norms and values of her country are more important than others. Amy is being...
Definition
ethnocentric.
Term
College students, police officers, and Jewish Americans are all characterized as...
Definition
subcultures.
Term
The belief that one should judge another's culture by relating to the context of that culture is called...
Definition
cultural relativism
Term

Patterns of social life that appear is all cultures and societies are known as...

 

Definition
cultural universals
Term
The concept of culture includes all of the following except
Definition
intelligence
Term
According to George Herbert Mead, what process is central to the development of a young child's self-concept?
Definition
Pretending to be other people.
Term
Research indicates that children with limited human interactions during the early years reveal that
Definition
they have a harder time adjusting to society
Term
The most complete and radical resocialization is achieved in
Definition
total institution
Term
A college student who works 30 hours to support their kids is struggling with studies, work and housework.  They are demostating what type of affliction?
Definition
role conflict
Term
Give an example of an achieved status?
Definition
honor student
Term
According to Max Weber, what is a characteristic of bureaucracy?
Definition
A clearly defined chain of command
Term
Describe a social aggregate.
Definition
15 people riding the city bus, all either reading, sleeping, or staring out the window.
Term
Chad is chatting to the best friend, Charlie. Chad and Charlie create what type of group according to sociology?
Definition
Primary group
Term
What theory of deviance suggests that a person commits a deviant act b/c his/her sibling commits deviant acts?
Definition
Differential association theory
Term
The social consrtuction of reality can best be described as
Definition
an emerging sub-field in the academic discipline of sociology
Term
Give an example of an upward social mobility.
Definition
a farmer's son becoming a lawyer
Term
Name four characteristics of a caste stratification system
Definition

1. rigid boundaries between classes

2.rank based on heredity

3. closed system

4. status doesn't change throughout a person's life regardless of his/her achievements.

Term
Describe an intragenerational social mobility.
Definition
starting off as a "low-man on the totem pole" and being promoted to the top
Term
What is not an example of latent dysfunction?
Definition
Schools educate
Term
Give four examples of latent dysfunction.
Definition

Before welfare reform, women had babies to get more bonuses.

an illegal bootleg empire arose upon the passing of prohibition

communists tight reign on the economy creating a black market

christian missions in parts of Africa converting africans to christians destroying the indigenous tribes.

Term

A minority group is typically defined as a group of individuals who

 

Definition
have experienced prejudice and discrimination.
Term
In a melting pot of cultures, Americans and Filipino Americans live side by side. But they still differentiate language and heritage.  This is an example of what?
Definition
Cultural pluralism
Term
Discrimination and prejudice are likely to occur between two racial or ethnic groups under what circumstances?
Definition
members of both races competing for the same scarce job
Term
What term refers to thinking in a fixed inflexible category?
Definition
stereotyping
Term
What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?
Definition

Prejudice is the belief or attitude held against a group.

Discrimination are the acts directed towards a group.

Term
What group does not hold power in the U.S. according to the power elite model of government?
Definition
Citizens
Term

What is practice called when you place students in classes based on their ability?

 

Definition
Tracking
Term
What sociologist argued that religion had a influence on less powerful groups into a false class consciousness in order to protect the status quo?
Definition
Karl Marx
Term
What Supreme Court case caused the declaration of segregation as unconstitutional?
Definition
Brown vs. The Board of Education
Term
According to Karl Marx, religion is...
Definition
appealing to the masses because it gives individuals an explanation for the afterlife.
Term
What term decribes the social life in cities vs. rural areas?
Definition
Gesellschaft
Term
The biological possibility for a woman to give birth is called...
Definition
fecundity
Term
With regards to migration, what isnt a push factor...
Definition
cost of travel.
Term
Four examples of push factors according to migration.
Definition

religious intolerance

poor climate

political oppression

unemployment

Term
A research sample in which everyone in a population has the same chance of being included...
Definition
random sample.
Term
What isnt a factor that could increase the likeihood of divorce?
Definition
High socioeconomic status
Term
Name four factors that can increase the likeihood of divorce.
Definition

Romantic love subsides

Divorces are easier to obtain

Women are less dependent upon men

Early age at marriage

Term
Besides academicly, the school system teaches students to be polite, to respect authority, and to believe in capitalism, and the American way of life. This is an example of what...
Definition
latent function of education
Term
What three variables determine the size, growth, and characteristics of all human populations?
Definition
fertility, mortality, and migration
Term
What is religion?
Definition
Social institution of beliefs, rituals, and ceremonies that focuses on sacred matters, promotes continuity among its followers and provides for a personal spiritual experience for its members.
Term
Professor Celestra told her class that poverty negatively affects individuals' ability to access health care. Health care is what according to the scienific experiment.
Definition
dependant variable
Term
The belief that men have historically dominated women and have used their domination over women to gain benefits at the expense of women reflects which sociological viewpoint?
Definition
Conflict
Term
Functions that are intended or recognized by others are...
Definition
manifest functions
Term
An increase in the percantage of the population residing  in cities is called...
Definition
urbanization
Term
According to Robert Merton, a person who rejects both goals and the means of a society, but does not replace them with anything  worthwhile by society is a..
Definition
retreatist
Term
What is the process that attempts to reform or alter an inmate's personality through manipulation and control of the environment?
Definition
Resocialization
Term
What theorist analyzed the function of the sick role?
Definition
Talcott Parsons
Term
What is an example of ascribed status?
Definition

35 year old.

 

or a female or male

Term
A giant metropolitan complex that functions, in many ways, as a single urban community is called a...
Definition
Megalopolis
Term
The set of norms and values that helps the poor adapt to their situation is referred to as..
Definition
culture of poverty
Term
the nuclear family into which an individual is born into or raised...
Definition
family of orientation
Term
What is the study of the relationship between society and the environment?
Definition
Human ecology
Term
Define what a glass ceiling is.
Definition
Subtle and unconsicous discrimination that prevents women from reaching higher and better paying positions.
Term
Define false consciousness.
Definition
Social class acceptance of an ideology that is contrary to the best interest of that class. (majority rules)
Term
What did Thomas Mathlus argue?
Definition
That population would eventually outgrow the food supply.
Term
Describe the term "Graying of America"
Definition
This occurs when the birth rate begins to decrease and the life expectancy increases, thus, the population when looked as a whole is more "grayed" because of the larger amount of elderly.
Term
What group is characterized by its limited participation and impersonal formal relationships?
Definition
Secondary
Term
Describe the economic social institution.
Definition
This group determines what will be produced, how production will be accomplised and who will recieve what is produced.  (this is like a farmer. the farmer decides what to grow, how he will grow it and who he will sell to)
Term
What system traces the kinship over generations?
Definition
descent
Term
Describe Pluralism.
Definition
this is a situation where separate races and ethnicities maintain their culture and distinctiveness even if they have an equal social standing.
Term
What is the economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and market forces determine production and distribution?
Definition
Captialism
Term
What is the annual number of births in a population per 1000 women called?
Definition
crude birth rate
Term
What is an example of Parkinson's Law?
Definition

Mary should have only needed 5 hours to complete the assignment but in fear of getting a new assignment she took 8 hours.

(milking the time)

Term
Define Endogamy
Definition

a marriage when the couple are from the  same race, ethnicity, religion and social class.

 

(rich catholic filipino with another rich catholic filipino)

Term
Define Institutional discrimination.
Definition
the racist practices that become part of the social practices and institutions of a society
Term
What scientific study studies the size, growth, and composition of the human population
Definition
demography
Term
Describe the functionalist theory of social inequality.
Definition

This theory suggests that each type of work, regardless of its prestige, serves a purpose for the overall, stability of our society.

(interdependent parts of a society)

Term
Describe assimilation.
Definition
A sociological process by which an ethnic minority or immigrant is socially absorbed into receiving society.
Term
what are the three dimensions of social stratification proposed by Max Weber?
Definition
Property, Power and Prestige
Term
According to the us census, what does the MSA refer to?
Definition
Metropolitan statistical area
Term
What is the strain theory?
Definition
The strain theory assumes that deviant behavior occurs when people are blocked from achieving socially approved goals by legitimate means.
Term
What is Cooley's self-conception based on
Definition
the looking-glass self
Term
Max Weber's concept of verstehen...
Definition
explains why the subjective beliefs can motivate people to act
Term
What term is used to describe a tendency for an increasing number of conditions and problems to be recognized as diseases and treated by a medical institution?
Definition
Medicalization
Term
Herbert Spencer applied Darwin's theory to people naming it...
Definition
Social Darwinism
Term
Which theory explains that social change occurs in endless cycles of repeated patterns?
Definition
cyclical
Term
Who created the resource mobilization theory?
Definition
Mccarthy and Zald
Term
Describe the the resource theory.
Definition
the resources of time, money, people, and skills are needed for the emergence of a social movement.
Term
Which of the following terms refers to the ways in which individuals are treated differently depending age?
Definition
age stratification
Term
A form of power that is based on personal traits which can inspire and motivate followers is called..
Definition
Charismatic authority
Term
Jason is married to both Clara and Katie at the same time. Which type of marriage does this describe?
Definition
polygyny
Term
Which model of urban development proposes that cities have several center that shape the structure and character of the surrounding areas?
Definition
Harris & Ullman's multiple-nuclei model
Term
Define the quantitative method.
Definition
Research methods that rely upon mathematics and statistics to make conclusions
Term
Define cultural relativism
Definition
Trying to understand one's cultural practices within the realm of that particular culture
Term
The power elite model orginated in the work of
Definition
C Wright Mills
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