Term
| Lumbar plexus is formed by....? |
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Definition
| the anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-4 |
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Term
| Sacral plexus is formed by....? |
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Definition
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Term
| During development the LE is rotated how many degrees and in what direction? |
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Definition
| LE is rotated 90 degrees medially during development. |
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Term
| During development the UE is rotated how many degrees and in what direction? |
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Definition
| UE is rotated 90 degrees laterally during development. |
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Term
| The anterior regions of the LE are innervated by what division of the plexus? |
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Definition
| posterior divisions of the anterior rami |
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Term
| posterior regions of the LE are innervated by what division of the plexus? |
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Definition
| anterior divisions of anterior rami |
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Term
| where is the lumbar plexus located? |
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Definition
| its anterior to transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae embedded in the psoas major muscle. |
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Term
| L1 forms what 2 nerves and what do they innervate? |
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Definition
| iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal that innervate anterior abdominal wall muscles. |
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Term
| the obturator nerve is formed by what spinal nerves and which division? |
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Definition
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Term
| where do the sensory branches of the obturator and femoral nerve go? |
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Definition
| to the hip and knee joint. |
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Term
| the femoral nerve is formed from what spinal nerves and which division? |
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Definition
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Term
| Reffered pain from the hip and knee is due to what nerves (2)? |
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Definition
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Term
| the lumbar plexus has direct muscular branches to what muscle from which division? |
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Definition
| iliopsoas/posterior division |
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Term
| where is the sacaral plexus origin/location? |
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Definition
| the posteriolateral wall of the true pelvis |
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Term
| what spinal nerves and which division forms the lumbosacral trunk? |
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Definition
| L4-5, which contains both anterior annd posterior division nerve fibers. |
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Term
| superior gluteal nerve is from what spinal nerves and innervates what muscles? |
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Definition
| L4-S1 and innervates the gluteus medius and minimus and the tensor fascia lata |
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Term
| the inferior gluteal nerve is from what spinal nerves and innervates what muscles? |
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Definition
| L5-S2 innervates the gluteus maximus |
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Term
| what is the largest nerve in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| sciatic nerve is formed of what 2 parts? |
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Definition
| tibial and common fibular nerve |
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Term
| the tibial nerve is from what spinal nerves and which division? |
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Definition
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Term
| common fibular nerves is from what spinal nerves and which division? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the 2 branches of the common fibular nerve and what muscles do they innervate? |
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Definition
| superficial innervates the lateral compartment of leg muscles. Deep innervates the anterior compartment of the leg and the dorsum of the foot. |
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Term
| the nerve to the quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus is from what spinal nerves? |
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Definition
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Term
| the nerve to the obturator internus and superior gemellus is from what spinal nerves? |
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Definition
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Term
| when the femoral nerve is injured in the abdomen due to a tumor or psoas major abscess what happens? |
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Definition
| xauses paralysis of iliopsoas and quadraceps meaning weakness in hip flexion and knee extension and the knee jerk reflex |
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Term
| what happens when the obturator nerve is injured due to a pregnant uterus? |
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Definition
| causes paralysis of adductor muscles of the thigh; and crossing the legs is difficult. |
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Term
| what happens whent the superior gluteal nerve is injured? |
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Definition
| causes paralysis of the gluteus medius and minimus resulting in trendeliburgs sign and gluteus medius gate because the abductors aren't working. |
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Term
| what happens when the inferior gluteal nerve is injured? |
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Definition
| paralysis of gluteus maximus resulting in difficulty rising from a seated postion, climbing stairs, or running and jumping. |
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Term
| What are some ways the sciatic nerve can be injured? |
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Definition
| badly placed intramuscular injection, posterior hip dislocation, traction of babys legs during difficult childbirth and roots of it can be injured in the vertebral canal by protrucding or herniated intervertebral discs. |
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Term
| what happens when the sciatic nerve is injured? |
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Definition
| causes paralysis of hamstrings and rest of muscles below knee (FLAIL FOOT) |
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Term
| what happens when the common fibular division of the sciatic nerve is injured by a nypertrophied piriformis muscle in cyclists (piriformis syndrome)? |
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Definition
| results in buttock pain; injury is more likely to occur if this branch pierces the piriformis. |
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Term
| what is the most commonly injured nerve and where? |
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Definition
| common fibular as it passes around the neck of the fibula in a subcutaneous position. |
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Term
| what happens when the common fibular nerve is injured at the neck of the fibula? |
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Definition
results in FOOTDROP
deep fibular nerve to the anterior leg extensors and exacerbated by unopposed inversion of the foot due to superficial fibualr nerve to the lateral leg |
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Term
| what happens when the tibial nerve is injured in the popliteal fossa? |
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Definition
| paralysis of posterior leg plantar flexers. the intrinsic foot muscles atrophy and lose sensation on sole of foot. the gait is characterized by droping pelvis on affected side during stance (weightbearing) phase called the TRICEPS SURAE GAIT |
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Term
| what happens when the tibial nerve is injured in the tarsal tunnel deep to the flexor retinaculum? |
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Definition
| pain, parathesias, and sensory loss from the sole of foot; intrinsic foot muscles may atrophy. |
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Term
| where can the medial plantar branch of tibial nerve be injured? what does this cause? |
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Definition
| medial plantar branch can be injuried deep to abductor hallucis muscle with pain and parathesias along its cutaneous distribution. |
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