Term
| Cellular components of blood (3) |
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Definition
1. Red Blood Cells
2. White Blood Cells
3. Platelets |
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Term
| Functions of Blood (WHIPPO) |
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Definition
1. Waste disposal
2. Hormone Transport
3. Infection prevention
4. pH, temperature and fluid volume
5. Prevention from blood loss
6. O2 Delivery |
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Term
| Blood constituents and percentages (3) |
|
Definition
1. Plasma 55%
2. Buffy Coat >1%
3. Formed elements 45% |
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Term
| Blood plasma components (2) |
|
Definition
Water 90%
Solutes 8% (protiens, gas, electrolytes) |
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Term
| Formed elements components (3) |
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Definition
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes |
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Term
| Buffy coat components (2) |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
No nucleus
Lack mitochondria |
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Term
|
Definition
| Transport respiratory gases |
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Term
| Process which form red blood cells |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| What is the stem cell for erythrocytes? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What does a hemocytoblast first transform into? |
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Definition
| Proerythrocyte (committed cell) |
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Term
| After a proerythrocyte has been formed, what does the cell then become? |
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Definition
| Early Erythrocyte then Late erythrocyte |
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Term
| What is synthesised in early erythrocytes? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of erythrocyte formation occurs after late erythrocytes? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What accumulates during late erythrocytes and normoblasts? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage occurs after normocytes? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is ejected from reticulocytes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do reticulocytes convert into? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does too few erythrocytes cause? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What does too many erythrocytes cause? |
|
Definition
| Increased blood viscocity |
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|
Term
| What regulates erythropoiesis? (4) |
|
Definition
1. Hormones
Adequate supplies of:
2. Iron
3. Amino acids
4. B vitamins |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| A decrease in the number of red blood cells or less than the normal quantity of haemoglobin in the blood |
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|
Term
| Three main classes of anaemia |
|
Definition
1. Excessive blood loss
2. Excessive blood cell detruction
3. Deficient red blood cell production |
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|
Term
| Example of excessive blood loss |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Example of excessive RBC destruction |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Example of deficient red blood cell production |
|
Definition
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Term
| Oral manifestations of anaemia (2) |
|
Definition
1. Glossitis (beefy, shiny tongue)
2. Angular chelitis |
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|
Term
| General manifestations (4) |
|
Definition
1. Pale
2. Irritable
3. Tired
4. Light headed |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Location of hematopoiesis |
|
Definition
| Red bone marrow of long bones |
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|
Term
| What to hemocytoblasts give rise to |
|
Definition
| All the formed elements of blood |
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|
Term
| What is the most common form of anaemia? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Other causes of anaemia? (not iron deficiency) (3) |
|
Definition
1. Pregnancy
2. Absorbtion problems
3. Parasitosis e.g. tapeworm |
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|
Term
| Which hormone controls erythropoiesis? |
|
Definition
| Erythropoietin (a direct stimulus) |
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|
Term
| Which organ releases erythropoietin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is erythropoietin a response to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Hemorrhage/increase RBC destruction
2. Insufficient haemoglobin
3. Reduced O2 availibility |
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|
Term
| Effect of erythropoietin? |
|
Definition
| More rapid maturation of committed bone marrow cells |
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|
Term
| What is seen 1-2 days after an increase in erythropoietin? |
|
Definition
| Increase in circulating retucilocytes |
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|
Term
| Which hormone also increases erythropoietin production |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Types of leukocyte in decreasing blood percentage order |
|
Definition
Neutrophil
Lymphocyte
Monocyte
Eosinophils
Basophils |
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|
Term
| How can neutrophils be identified? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Leukocytes squeezing through gaps in the capillary walls |
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|
Term
| Proper name for platelets |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What regulates the formation of thrombocytes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the stoppage of bleeding called? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the stages of haemostasis? (4) |
|
Definition
1. Vessel injury
2. Vascular spasm- vessels contract
3. Platelet plug formation
4. Coagulation |
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|
Term
| What is the name of the clotting factor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does thromboplastin do? |
|
Definition
| Converts prothrombin to thrombin |
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|
Term
| What does thrombin then do? |
|
Definition
| Converts fibrinogen to fibrin |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do the platelets then do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A clot that develops and stays in a unbroken blood vessel |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| A thrombus freely floating in the blood stream |
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|
Term
| What do pulmonary emboli do? |
|
Definition
| Impair the ability to obtain O2 |
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|
Term
| What to cerebral emboli do? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Name the bleeding disorder with too many platelets |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Name the bleeing disorder with too few platelts |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What affect does impaired liver function have on bleeding? |
|
Definition
| inability to synthesise procoagulants |
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|
Term
| Examples of impaired liver function (3) |
|
Definition
Vit K(1) deficiency
Hepatitis
Cirrhosis |
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