Term
|
Definition
| science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data to make decisions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| don't try to modify the subjects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| apply some treatment to treatment group. Control group gets a placebo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| info collected from observations, responses, counts, or measurements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| numeric; results from measuring/counting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anything not numeric; usually involve qualities, characteristics, labels (categorical data) |
|
|
Term
| discrete data (quantitative) |
|
Definition
| usually from counting; values are 0-infinity with no fractions/decimals |
|
|
Term
| continuous data (quantitative) |
|
Definition
| usually from measuring; values come from continuous scale w/ decimals/fractions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| names, labels, qualities, etc; can't use calculations other than counting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| can be ordered/ranked; qualitative or quantitative; diffs between ranks unmeaningful |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| quantitative/numerical; diffs can be calculated; zero is position on scale, not absence of something (ex: temperature) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interval data w/ a true zero; ratios between data can be calculated and compared |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complete collection of all elements to be studied |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of data from every member of population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| subcollection of members of population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| numerical measurement describing characteristic of a population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| numerical measurement describing a characteristic of a sample; can be good approximation of corresponding population parameter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organizes, summarizes, displays data |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uses sample to reach a conclusion about a population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| if an assumption makes an observed even seem really unlikely then the assumption is probably false |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| divide population into groups and take sample from each group; may be random |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| divide population into groups an select some groups. all members of selected groups will be sampled |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| select members that are available or easy to work with; may not be good representation of population |
|
|
Term
| self-selected sample (voluntary) |
|
Definition
| subjects enter themselves into study |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| difference between sample result and true population result. Due to sampling variation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| present in any set of data collected in samples |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| everyone has = chance of being selected |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| of size n, every possible sample of size n has = chance of being selected |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| order elements then randomly select from a starting point and pick every kth element |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| average; reliable, not resistant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| middle value when data values are in increasing order; not reliable, resistant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| number that occurs most frequently in a set; not reliable, resistant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| avg of highest and lowest element; not reliable, not resistant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| can be thought of as avg distance observations are from mean |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| quality of "peakedness" of a curve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fraction or percentage of times a value occurs |
|
|
Term
| cumulative relative frequency |
|
Definition
| accumulation of previous relative frequencies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| offset one way or the other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| almost the same height across |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| largest element - smallest element |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unusual data values; usually far from center of data values |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| divide ordered dataset into equal or almost equal parts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| divide datasets into 100 about equal parts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| percentile value assoc. w/ given number w/i dataset |
|
|
