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| Psychodynamic Theories emphasize the importance of _________ |
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| Childhood experiences on psychosocial developement. |
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Sigmund Fred
He viewed behavior on basis of unconscious drives and motivations rather than on actions and thoughts |
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| Three Levels: Conscious, pre conscious, unconsious |
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Heinz Hartmann
Part of the psychoanalytic Theory. The theory based on the belief that people have the ability to adapt to their social enviornments. |
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Erik Erikson
Based on psychodynamic theory. Social enviornment shapes a persons behaviors and personality. Erikson first to describe human development across the entire life span. |
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| Considers human behavior to be result of interactions between biological, psychological and social systems. |
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| Biopsychosocial Theory includes? |
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| Systems and Ecological perspectives of Social Work |
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| Biopsychosocial frameworks include: |
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| General Systems theory, The Life Model, and Ecosystems Approach. |
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Biopsychosocial Theory
Carol Germain and Alex Gitterman |
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Margaret Mahler
Rene Spitz
John Bowlby
Derivative of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory and Eo Psychology. Focuses on relationship between mother and infant and its effect on the development of sense of self. |
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John Bowlby
Believed that earliest bonds by children with caregives has a tremendous impact on their lives and |
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Carl Jung or Jungian Psychology
Similarities to Psychoanalytic Theory but believes the ego was conscious. Includes dreams |
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Alfed Alder
Albert Ellis
Aaron Beck
Believes that an individuals cognition and thoughts are principal determinants of their behavior. |
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| Rational Emotive Therapy (RET) |
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Albert Ellis
CBT, also referred to as ABC Theory of Emotions |
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| Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Theory |
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Definition
Aaron Beck, built off RET approach.
Automatic thoughts (ATs) are central to therapeutic approach. Half education, half therapeutic.
CBT most researched and utilized pshchotherapy.
Best known for use with Anxiety Disorders. Also depression, substance abuse, bipolar, obsessive compulve disorder, eating disorders and ADHD.
Considered an Evidence Based Practice |
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| Repetative, automatic self-statements that people consistently say to themselves in certain situations, can be positive or negative, they are "knee-Jerk" reactions. |
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Heinz Kohut
Work with Narcissistic patients. |
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Childs perception of other people and objects as part of his or her self.
Self Psychology |
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| Kohut believed abnormal Narcissism happened when_______? |
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| A child is deprived of an empathic environment. Without empathic mirroring a child is unable to transform the initial grandiose images of self. |
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Fritz Perls
Gestalt stems from German word meaning wholeness.
Focuses on the present and believes that behaviors are conscious and can be controlled by the individual. |
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| Life Span Development Theories |
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| fucuses on the person mastery of certain skills and tasks in terms of stages of development. Approximate ages are assigned for when a person begins and ends a certain stage. |
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| Piaget's theory of Cognitive Development |
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Jean Piaget
research and theory on child cognitive development
Believed that human development and behavior were the product of consistent and reliable patterns with environment called Schemas. |
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| incorporation of a part of one's environment into an existing Schema. EX. CHILD LEARNS TO GRAB A RATTLE AND PUT IN HER MOUTH, THEN ASSIMILATES A NEW OBJECT, PEN, INTO OLD GRAB-RATTLE SCHEMA. |
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| Adaption or modification of an existing Schema to the characteristics of a new object. EX. TRIES TO GRAB A RATTLE SCHEMA WITH BEACH BALL, BUT FAILS IT WONT FIT IN MOUTH SO ACCOMODATES BY LICKING AND DROOLING ON IT. |
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| Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development |
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Lawrence Kohlberg
An extension of Piaget's theory, but believed that moral development was longer and more complex than Piaget did.
Humans are void of morals, ethics, and honesty at birth, morals are learned from family.
No correlation between moral development and age. It becomes more sophisticated as an individuals ability to interact with others progresses. |
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| Behavioral and social learning Theories |
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John Watson
Ivan Pavlov
BF Skinner
Behaviors that are learned and can be changed. |
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| Respondent or classical conditioning |
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Ivan Pavlov
Behaviors are a response of a stimulus. Response can be voluntary (emitted) or involuntary (reflex) |
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B.F. Skinner
Changes are the result of changes in the environment and reinforcement of significant others. |
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Individual autonomy and the clients right to self-determination. Focuses on the capacity of people to gain personal power to control their lives and change ideas about how they live.
Emphasizes human alienation or lonliness. |
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| Existentialism is seen as optomistic or pessimistic view of reality |
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| Terms associated with existentialism |
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| Anguish and dread, Despair (loss of all hope) |
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Murray Bowen (1960-1970s)
Theory provides a framework for understanding how emotional ties influence individuals within the family system. Focuses on multi-generational family processes, and working with individuals within the family context. |
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Albert Banduras
All behaviors are learned and can be changed by altering the events that occur before and after the behavior. |
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