Term
| What are the two major parts of the CNS? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of info does the brain receive? |
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Definition
| somatic and visceral info |
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Term
| What does the brain send? |
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Definition
| sends efferent commands that could be somatic or autonomic |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| support cells, not excitable, no electrical activities |
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Term
| What are the most abundant cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the ratio of glial cells to neurons? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are ependymal cells? |
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Definition
| protective layer for brain |
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Term
| What are oligodendrocytes? |
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Definition
| cells that release myelin |
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Term
| What is the most vital part of every organism? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the 1st level of protection for the brain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the 2nd level of protection for the brain? |
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Definition
| cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| in group of glial cells and blood vessels collectively known as the choroid plexus |
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Term
| What is choroid plexus made of? |
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Definition
| glial cells (ependimal cells) and blood vessels |
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Term
| Where does the CSF circulate from? |
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Definition
| from the lateral ventricle through the interventricular foramen to the third ventricle. it then goes to the fourth ventricle. from the fourth ventricle it goes to the spinal cord via the central canal |
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Term
| What are the functions of the CSF? |
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Definition
| 1. bathes the brain 2. acts as a shock absorber 3. transport nutrients, chemical messengers, and waste products |
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Term
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Definition
| predicting behavior of person based on head |
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Term
| Who is the founder of phrenology? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Korbinian Brodmann do? |
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Definition
| 1. figured out parts of the brain based on patient stories and surgeries 2. came up with 52 areas where each part of the brain is responsible for specific things. 3. eventually 52 parts has now become 356 |
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Term
| What does contralateral mean? |
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Definition
| side of brain controls the opposite side of the body |
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Term
| What is the primary auditory cortex surrounded by? |
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Definition
| higher order auditory cortex (hearing) |
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Term
| What is broca's area responsible for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the prefrontal association cortex responsible for? |
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Definition
(planning for voluntary
activity; decision making;
personality traits) |
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Term
| What is the premotor cortex responsible for? |
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Definition
| coordination of complex movements |
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Term
| What is the supplementary motor area responsible for? |
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Definition
on inner surface;
programming of complex
movements |
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Term
| What does the primary motor cortex do? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the role of Somatosensory cortex? |
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Definition
somesthetic sensation
and proprioception |
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Term
| What is the role of the Posterior parietal cortex? |
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Definition
integration of somatosensory
and visual input;
important for complex
Movements |
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Term
| What is the role of Wernicke’s area? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the role of Parietal-temporaloccipital
association
cortex? |
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Definition
integration of
all sensory input;
important
in language |
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Term
| What is the primary visual cortex surrounded by? |
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Definition
| higher order visual cortex (sight) |
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Term
| What is the cerebral cortex responsible for? |
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Definition
| 1. sensory perception-info coming to brain 2. voluntary control muscles- skeletal muscles 3. language- communication 4. personality traits 5. thinking, memory, creativity |
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Term
| What is the frontal love of the brain responsible for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the parietal lobe of the brain responsible for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the temporal lobe of the brain responsible for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the occipital lobe of the brain responsible for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What side of the body does the left hemisphere control? |
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Definition
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Term
| What side of the body does the right hemisphere control? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the sides of the brain called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does the size of a body part determine number of neurons? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is in the temporal lobe and what are they used for? |
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Definition
| 1. auditory cortex- processing auditory info 2. wernicke's area- speech comprehension area |
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Term
| What is in the occipital lobe and what is it used for? |
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Definition
| visual cortex- visual info processed |
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Term
| What are the functions of the thalamus? |
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Definition
| 1. sensory relay center 2. relay station for all synaptic input 3. crude awareness of sensation 4. motor control 5. receives all info minus small then channels it to area of brain 6. post office |
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Term
| What are the functions of the hypothalamus? |
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Definition
| 1. homeostasis such as temperature control, thirst, urine output, food intake 2. endocrine role 3. emotions and basic behavioral patterns |
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Term
| What are the functions of the cerebellum? |
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Definition
| 1. maintain balance/equilibrium 2. enhancement of muscle tone 3. coordination and planning of skilled voluntary muscle activity |
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Term
| What are the functions of the brain stem? |
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Definition
| vital part of brain 1. origin of majority of peripheral cranial nerves 2. control centers for digestive, respiratory, and cardiovascular centers 3. equilibrium and posture 4. integration of inputs from spinal cord 5. sleep wake cycle 6. control how fast heart beats |
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Term
| What is the function of wernicke's area? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Where is wernicke's area located? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of brocca's area? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is brocca's area located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens if there is damage in the wernicke or brocca area? |
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Definition
| 1. can lead to aphasia 2. if wernicke is damaged they can speak but not understand 3. if brocca is damaged they can understand but not speak |
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Term
| What causes damage to the brain? |
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Definition
| 1. trauma 2. stroke 3. seizure 4. either one leads to damaging the affected area 5. damages to brain are usually due to accidents |
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Term
| What is damaged in Contralateral Neglect syndrome and what happens to the patient? |
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Definition
| 1. due to damage to right parietal lobe only 2. patient neglect left side of body (only shave right side, only eat right side of plate) |
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Term
| What happens to the brain and the patient in split-brain patient? |
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Definition
| 1. right side of brain cannot communicate with left side 2. language areas are on left side only 3. response is on right side 4. seizure patients 5. there is something wrong with the corpus callosum which are thick fibers that connect the right and left side of the brain 6. touch something in right hand so left side of brain can interpret it 7. touch something in left hand, cannot interpret what they are touching with right side of brain |
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