Term
| Erik Erikson's Eight Psychosocial Stages |
|
Definition
Trust versus mistrust(birth to 1 1/2yrs)
autonomy versus shame and doubt(1 1/2 to 3 yrs)
initiative versus guilt(3 to 6yrs)
industry versus inferiority(6 to 11 yrs)
identity versus role confusion(12 to 18 yrs)
intimacy versus isolation(18 to 35 yrs)
generativity versus stagnation(35 to 60yrs)
integrity versus despair (age 65&beyond) |
|
|
Term
| Jean Piaget's Qualitative Four Stages of Cognitive Development (Genetic Epistermology) |
|
Definition
Sensorimotor (birth to 2yrs)
Preoperational (2 to 7yrs)
Concrete Operations (7 to 12yrs)
Formal operations (11/12 to 16) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Patterns of thought and behavior or the plural, schemata |
|
|
Term
| When does Adaptation take place? |
|
Definition
| occurs qualitatively when the indvidual fits information into existing ideas (also known as assimilation) and modifies cognitive schemata to incorporate new information (this is called accommodation). |
|
|
Term
| Assimilation and accommodation |
|
Definition
| said to be complementary processes. The ages in the Piagetian stages can vary, the order is static. |
|
|
Term
| When does Object Permanence take place? |
|
Definition
| occurs in the sensormotor stage (an object the child can't see still exists). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the act of focusing on one aspect of something. It is a key factor in the preoperational stage. |
|
|
Term
| When does Conservation take place? |
|
Definition
| takes place in the concrete operations stage. The child knows that volume and quanitity do not change, just because the apperance of an object changes (e.g. pouring a short glass of water into a tall skinny glass, does not alter the amount of the liquid). The child comprehends that a change in shape does not mean a change in volume. |
|
|
Term
| When does Abstract scientific thinking take place? |
|
Definition
| takes place in the formal operations stages. |
|
|
