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Lower GI Pharmacology
JSON-BSN JR
17
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
11/03/2010

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Cards

Term
What is Metamucil (Psyllium) classified as and what is it used for?
Definition
It is classified as a bulk forming agent and a laxative and is used for the mgmt of chronic constipation (usually d/t low fiber diet), mgmt of chronic watery diarrhea, and mgmt of pt's who can't strain (d/t surgery, MI, etc).
Term
What is the method of action for metamucil?  How long does it take to work?
Definition
It combines with water in the GI tract, forming an emolient gel. The gel promotes peristalsis.  It takes about 12-24h to have an effect and 1-3d to reach a plateau.
Term
What conditions prohibit the use of Metamucil?
Definition

Undiagnosed abdominal pain

Obstruction

Impaction

N&V

Hypersensitivity to Psyllium

Dysphagia

Term
What are the common side effects of Metamucil?
Definition
NONE!
Term
What are the drug-drug interactions associated with Metamucil?
Definition
Decreased absorption of warfarin, salicylates, digoxin, antibiotics, and nitrofurantoin (an antibiotic for UTI's).
Term
How is Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) classified and what is it used for?
Definition
It is a stimulant laxative and is used for the treatment of constipation, as part of the pre-op bowel prep, and as part of the spinal cord injury bowel regimen.
Term
What is the method of action for bisacodyl?  How long does it take to work?
Definition
It alters fluid and electrolytes so that fluid accumulation in the colon is increased.  It takes 6-12 hrs to have an effect when taken PO and 15-60m.
Term
What conditions prohibit the use of bisacodyl?
Definition

Hypersensitivity to bisacodyl

Abdominal Pain

Obstruction

N&V

Term
What situations demand extra caution when adminstering bisacodyl?
Definition

Severe CVD

Anal and rectal fissures

Prolonged Use

Term
What are the common side effects of bisacodyl?
Definition

Abdominal cramps

Nausea

Term
What are the drug-drug interactions associated with bisacodyl?
Definition

Antacids, h2 antagonists, and PPI's can remove enteric coating and thus cause GI upset. 

This drug decreases the absorption of other PO meds due to increased motility and decreased transit time.

Term
What is docusate (Colace) classified as and what is it used for?
Definition
A stool softener and a laxative.  As a PO Med, it is used for prevention of constipation and straining.  Rectally, it is used to soften fecal impactions. 
Term
What is the method of action for docusate and how long does it take to work?
Definition
It draws water into the stool resulting in softer feces.  It also increases electrolyte and water secretion into the colon.  It takes 24-48h to work PO and 2-15min rectally.
Term
In what situations would the use of docusate be prohibited?
Definition

Hypersensitivity to docusate

Abdominal pain

N&V

Term
What situations demand extra caution when administering docusate?
Definition

Prolonged Use

When prompt results needed

Term
What are the common side effects of docusate?
Definition
None
Term
What drug-drug interactions are associated with docusate?
Definition
None
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