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LOM Chapter 5 Digestive Tract Set 10
Language of Medicine, 9th edition, Davi-Ellen Chabner
50
Medical
Professional
04/21/2010

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Term
bacterial; carcinoma
Definition
Chronic gastritis associated with _________ infection is a major risk factor for gastric ______________
Term
gastric endoscopy, biopsy
Definition
What two things diagnose gastric cancer?
Term
detection, tissue
Definition
A cure of gastric cancer depends on early ____________ and surgical removal of the cancerous _________.
Term
gastroesophageal reflux disease
Definition
solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach
Term
gastroesophageal reflux disease
Definition
What does GERD stand for?
Term
heartburn
Definition
burning sensation caused by regurgitation of the hydrochloric acid from the stomach to the esophagus
Term
reflux esophagitis
Definition
condition that results from chronic exposure to gastric acid and pepsin
Term
antacids; tone
Definition
Drug treatment for GERD includes _________ and medication to increase the ________ of the lower esophageal sphincter
Term
lower esophageal sphincter
Definition
What does LES stand for?
Term
hernia
Definition
protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle normally containing it
Term
hiatal hernia
Definition
occurs when the upper part of the stomach protrudes upward through the diaphragm
Term
hiatal hernia
Definition
Which type of hernia can lead to GERD?
Term
ulcerative colitis
Definition
idiopathic, chronic, recurrent diarrheal disease that is an IBS disease with rectal bleeding and pain--usually beginning in the colon and spreading to the entire colon--making patient a higher risk of colon cancer
Term
inguinal hernia
Definition
occurs when a small loop of bowel protrudes through a weak lower abdominal muscle
Term
herniorrhaphy
Definition
surgical repair of inguinal hernias
Term
-rrhaphy
Definition
Suffix that means suture
Term
peptic ulcer
Definition
open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum
Term
bacterium
Definition
A _________ Helicobacer pylori is responsible for peptic ulcer disease.
Term
d
Definition

What damages epithelial linings that results in peptic ulcers?

a) H. pylori bacteria

b) hyperacidity

c) gastric juice

d) all of the above

Term
direct inguinal hernia
Definition
hernia that occurs through the abdominal wall in an area of muscular weakness
Term
indirect inguinal hernia
Definition
occurs through the inguinal canal where the herniated tissue/bowel descends into the scrotal sac
Term
anal fistula
Definition
abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus
Term
fissure, abscess
Definition
The anal fistula often results from a ________  or ________ in the wall of the anus or rectum
Term
colonic polyps
Definition
polyps protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon
Term
polyps
Definition
benign growths in the colon
Term
pedunculated polyp
Definition
polyp that is attached to the membrane by a stalk
Term
sessile polyp
Definition
polyp sitting directly on the mucous membrane
Term
pedunculated, sessile
Definition
What are the two types of polyps?
Term
colorectal cancer
Definition
adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both
Term
polyps
Definition
What can colorectal cancer arise from?
Term
True
Definition
T or F: Melena is a symptom of colorectal cancer
Term
e
Definition

Prognosis of colorectal cancer depends on:

a) stage of tumor

b) size of tumor

c) depth of invasion

d) involvement of lymph nodes

e) all of the above

Term
Crohn's disease
Definition
chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract (terminal ileum and colon)
Term
inflammatory bowel disease
Definition
Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis are forms of ___________
Term
diverticulosis
Definition
abnormal pouching in the intestinal wall
Term
diverticula
Definition
pouch-like herniations through the muscular wall of the colon
Term
diverticulitis
Definition
occurs when fecal matter becomes trapped in diverticula
Term
dysentery
Definition
painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection--resulting from ingestion of food or water containing bacteria, amebae, or viruses.
Term
amebae
Definition
one-celled organisms
Term
hemorrhoids
Definition
swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region
Term

False

 

Hemorrhoids can be found internally or externally

Definition
T or F: Hemorrhoids are only found externally
Term
ileus
Definition
loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines
Term
paralytic ileus
Definition
condition that can lead to acute, transient loss of peristalsis--usually resulting from surgery, trauma, or bacterial injury to the peritoneum
Term
intussusception
Definition
telescoping of the intestines
Term
intussusception
Definition
one segment of the bowel collapses into the openin of another segment
Term
children; ileocecal
Definition
Intussusception often occurs in ______ and at the _________ region.
Term
irritable bowel syndrome
Definition
What does IBS stand for?
Term
irritable bowel syndrome
Definition
group of gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, constipation, bloating, lower abdominal pain) associated with stress and tension--intestines appear to be normal when examined
Term
ulcerative colitis
Definition
chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers
Term
True
Definition
T or F: Ulcerative colitis is an idiopathic disease
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