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Logical Fallacies
Arguments to avoid when writing.
20
English
11th Grade
02/28/2012

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Cards

Term
Appeal to Force
Definition
Uses the threat of force to get the audience to accept a conclusion.
Term
Genetic Fallacy
Definition
It must be wrong because of it's origin.
Term
Argumentum Ad Hominem
Definition
A personal attack.
Term
Argumentum Ad Populum
Definition
Invoking feelings of the people rather than building an argument.
Term
Argumentum Ad Populum - Bandwagon Approach
Definition
"Everybody is doing it."
Term
Argumentum Ad Populum - Patriotic Approach
Definition
Asserting it's true because it's patriotic.
Term
Argumentum Ad Populum - Snob Approach
Definition
"All the best people are doing it."
Term
Appeal to Tradition
Definition
It must be true because people have always believed or done it.
Term
Appeal to Improper Authority
Definition
Appealing to someone that may not be reliable, such as a celebrity.
Term
Argument from Personal Incredulity
Definition
Saying your opponents argument can't be true because you don't understand it.
Term
Begging the Question
Definition
Not proving WHY something is incorrect, circling around the main idea/argument.
Term
Circular Reasoning
Definition
Repeating the same argument in different words while proving nothing.
Term
Hasty Generalization
Definition
"Jumping to Conclusions." Having too few samples/examples to prove a point.
Term
Non Sequitur
Definition
An argument that doesn't follow previous statements.
Term
"Slippery Slope" Fallacy
Definition
Arguing that once step A is undertaken step B, C, and so on will inevitably follow.
Term
Either/Or Fallacy
Definition
An argument built assuming there are only 2 possible outcomes when there are actually more.
Term
Faulty Analogy
Definition
Using untrue comparisons to prove a point.
Term
Equivocation
Definition
Using a word differently than the original authors intention or changing definitions halfway through.
Term
"Red Herring"
Definition
A deliberate attempt to change the subject from the real issue.
Term
Stacking the Deck
Definition
Ignoring examples that disprove the point, only using examples that support the case.
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