Term
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Definition
| Tells a sad story instead of expressing relevant reasons. |
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Term
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Definition
| There is no evidence against my statement, therefor it must be true. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rejects a claim because someone has an undesirable trait. |
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Term
| Ad hominem - circumstantial |
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Definition
| an argument is false because the presenter stands to benefit from it being true. |
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Term
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Definition
| an argument is false because the presenter is a hypocrite. I.E. Al Gore's electric bill. |
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| Ad hominem - Guilty by association |
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Definition
| This claim is false because the same claim is held by an undesirable group. I.E. Socialism/nazis |
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Term
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Definition
| A lot of people believe this claim, therefor it must be true. |
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Term
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Definition
| Something has been this way for a long time. Its the way its supposed to be. |
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Term
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Definition
| Something is new, therefor it X must be true. |
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Term
| Appeal to unqualified authority |
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Definition
| A physics professor said X about the economy. X must be true. |
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Term
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Definition
| The origins of something determine its properties. |
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Term
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Definition
| A restatement of the conclusion. Giving evidence for itself. God/unicorns exist because god/unicorns exist. |
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Term
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Definition
| A fallacy in which an argument ignores a change in meaning of a word. |
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Term
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Definition
| Only X or Y can happen. In reality A-Z can happen. Creates false dilemma of only two choices. "You're either for this, or against it" |
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Term
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Definition
| If you accept A, then you'll also have to accept B, and if you accept B you'll have to accept C. You don't want C to happen, so don't accept A. |
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Term
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Definition
| A fallacy that assumes the whole must have the same properties as the parts. |
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Term
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Definition
| A fallacy that occurs when the argument assumes that the parts have the same properties as the whole. |
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Term
| Confusing correlation and cause |
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Definition
| X happens when Y happens. X must cause Y. In reality X just coincides with Y and does not cause Y. |
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Term
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Definition
X happened before Y. X must have caused Y.
It began raining outside. My computer crashed. My computer crashed because it began raining outside. |
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Term
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Definition
| A generalization made from too small of a sample size. |
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Term
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Definition
| A fallacy that occurs when a rule is applied to a situation exempt from that rule. An ambulance running a red light. |
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Term
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Definition
| Previous events increase the probability of something happening.(or decrease) |
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Term
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Definition
| Create a weaker form of an argument to strike it down. |
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Term
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Definition
| This is how things are. This is how they're ought to be. |
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Term
| Argument from incredulity |
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Definition
| This can't be true because I can't imagine it being true. |
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Term
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Definition
| This concept isn't precise. Therefor it is invalid. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| fallacy of unfalsifiability |
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Definition
| Proposition is not falsifiable. |
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