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Logic I
Famous forms, validity, deductive soundness, categorical statements
16
Philosophy
Undergraduate 1
01/04/2011

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Cards

Term
Modus ponens
Definition
1. If A, then B.
2. A.
So,
3.B.
Term
Modus tollens
Definition
1. If A, then B.
2. Not B.
So,
3. Not A.
Term
Fallacy -- Affirming the Consequent
Definition
1. If A, then B.
2. B.
So,
3. A.
Term
Fallacy – Denying the Antecedent
Definition
1. If A, then B.
2. Not A,
so
3. not B
Term
Hypothetical syllogism
Definition
1. If A, then B.
2. If B, then C.
So
3. If A, then C.
Term
Disjunctive syllogism
Definition
1. Either A or B.
2. Not A.
So,
3. B.

OR

1. Either A or B.
2. Not B.
So
3. A.
Term
Constructive dilemma
Definition
1. Either A or B.
2. If A, then C.
3. If B, then D.
So
4. Either C or D.
Term
Conditional statement
Definition
If-then statement
Term
Antecedent
Definition
If-clause of conditional
Term
Consequent
Definition
Then-clause of a conditional
Term
Statement
Definition
Sentence that is either true or false
Term
Counterexamples
Definition
Identify the form. Begin with well-known false conclusion and work backward. Make premises well-known truths.
Term
Categorical statement
Definition
Relates two classes or categories, where a class is a set or collection of things
Term
Report
Definition
Sets of statements intended to provide info about a situation, topic, or event
Term
Illustrations
Definition
Statements together with explanatory or clarifying data.
Term
Explanatory statements
Definition
Provide a causal or other reason for some phenomenon
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