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| modern artist term from French military, used to describe the first troops to invade, also the idea of innovating and taking chances |
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| The French Academy and Salon System |
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| French Academy was the official art governing body of France, Salon was what they considered the greatest works of that year |
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| Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre and William Henry Fox Talbot |
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| Invent two different cameras in the 1830's |
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| Haussmanization of Paris, 1850s |
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| city rebuilt for urbanization (large blvds), Paris became well lit - the city of lights |
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| created by the gov't for these people – show for the worst of the worst, but was better attended than the official Salon |
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| strolled the streets, upper class partiers, not well respected |
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| Giorgione, Pastoral Symphony, 1508 |
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| First well known painting in Louvre with acceptably naked women and dressed men |
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| Raimondi, Judgment of Paris, 1520 |
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| Second well known painting in Louvre with acceptably naked women and dressed men |
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| Titian, Venus of Urbino, 1538 |
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| Acceptable nudity in the Louvre, Venus was a goddess |
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| The Paris Commune, 1871 and Bloody Week (May 26-30, 1871) |
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| Communist country in the middle of Paris just after France lost to Prussia, Bloody Week was the brutal supression of this commune |
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| Hosted the first Impressionist art gallery |
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| The Anonymous Society of Painters, Sculptors, and Engravers, 1874 |
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| Put on exhibit for Impressionists in Nadar's photo studio |
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| Impressionist vs. Intransigent |
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| Impressionists wanted to be known as conservative, Intransigents wanted to be liberal. Impressionists were only conservative socially, not stylistically |
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| Focus on capturing a monumental moment as opposed to an instantaneous one |
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| fin-de-siecle vs. belle époque |
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Fin-de-siecle: As time moves forward, things become worse, so party
Belle époque: The future is bright |
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| “Justice in Society; Harmony in Art; The Same Thing.” - Anarchist Credo |
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| Seurat, pointillism was a visualization of the Anarchist Credo |
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| aka. divisionism – no brush strokes, just individual dots of color |
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| Inner emotions (as opposed to fleeting moment), brushstroke meant to show emotion, agitation, intention behind brushstrokes |
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| One country (with money) putting troops in another country, usually to control/influence it |
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| Paul Gauguin, Noa Noa, ca. 1895 |
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| Gauguin's diary/journal on his trip Tahiti, and all his primitive revelations while there |
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| Seeking to be non-western through a return to a primitive lifestyle |
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| Woodblock prints and lithographs |
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| Using wood with ink on it to copy something a lot, and stones used to make color copies with chemicals |
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| using organic and natural art forms in the industrial (copying) |
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| alternative to Academy, could paint, but decided to be Avant-Garde, Klimt and Schiele were key creators |
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| Fauve - wild animal, looked like paint thrown on canvas by a wild animal - Matisse was a fauvist |
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| launch of Fauvism, was also when France started accepting these new works of art |
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| Group of German Expressionist Artists |
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| The Blue Rider, Kandinsky saw himself as Saint George off to slay the dragon |
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| Die Brücke Manifesto (1904) |
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| Mostly written by Kandinsky, said they sought freedom in their work, in their lives, and from the past |
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| Museums of Ethnography, World’s Fairs |
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| Colonial Trophy Houses, Centers for showing off in front of everyone else |
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| Der Blaue Reiter Almanac (1911) |
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| Collection of artwork that was dramatically different from standard European art |
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| Universal religion that drew from all religions |
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| Lots of artists mourning over their forced involvement in a war that killed millions - martyr complex |
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| Kandinsky’s “Concerning the Spiritual in Art” (1912) |
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| Book that portrayed the artist as a prophet |
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| Art that showed many perspectives in the same piece, overlapping even |
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| Olive eyed works that Picasso copied |
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| Parallel lines not drawn as parallel. Seeing is not knowing |
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| Einstein’s Theory of Relativity |
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| Not seeing it doesn't mean it's not there |
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| Photographic Studies of Motion - Eadweard Muybridge and Jules Marey |
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| First steps towards films |
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| Trying to analyze what we see |
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| Builds up forms instead of breaking them down |
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| Putting a bunch of things together, in papier collé's case, this involves paste |
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| Fake wood, used by Picasso in art |
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| Italians who wanted to lose the past and embrace electricity and weapons of the future |
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| Founder of Futurist movement, wrote Manifesto, said art must be aggressive |
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| Jules Etienne Marey, Chronophotography |
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| Photography that had time lapse or captured many frames on one photo |
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| Russian Revolution (1917) |
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| Fall of the Tsar, rise of the Soviet Union |
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| Malevich's "supreme art form" where the square is the ultimate form |
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| Three dimensional suprematist constructions by El Lissitzky |
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| To create things in three dimensional space as art |
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| Mondrian's art style, black, white and RYB with vertical and horizontal lines |
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| Art made to fight logic and reason, since that lead us to war |
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| Cabaret Voltaire, Zurich, Switzerland |
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| Swiss night club for Dada artists to perform their work |
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| Raoul Haussman, Sound Poem, 1919 |
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| First to experiment with sound poems, no real words or message, unique visuals to accompany it |
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| Hugo Ball, “O Gadji Beri Bimba” (sound poem of 1916) |
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| Leading Dadaist, sound poem that lead to a song later |
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| Key Dada founder, name is a pun on "Sad in Country" |
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| New York Society of Independent Artists |
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| Show where Fountain was shown, and rejected, then accepted |
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| Duchamp's art made of junk that was put together, already crafted, just merged and put in an art context |
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| Gave art lessons, fought Jack Johnson |
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| Formed to fight against the Weimar Republic |
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| Gov't put in place in Germany after WWI |
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| First International Dada Exhibition (1920) |
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| Major joining of Dada founders/key figures, closed by gov't for obscenity, then later reopened when charges were dropped |
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| Collages of paper and color and garbage material, Merzbau was this chaos in the form of a house |
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