Term
Serpentine Cords
High lipid content in cell wall |
|
Definition
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Inhalation
Acid Fast bacteria that also have Wax D (induce delayed hypersensitive rxn) and Cord Factor
Causes Pulmonary TB + Miliary TB
Triple therapy - LONG TERM - INH + rifampin Pyranzinamide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mycobacterium leprae
Leprosy. . . treat with Dapasone
inhalation
Likes to infect nerves |
|
|
Term
| White type of Leprosy can cause false + syphilis ? |
|
Definition
Lepromatous
Tuberculoid does not , usually self limiting |
|
|
Term
| Most common cause of Human pneumonia |
|
Definition
Streptococcus Pneumoniae
polysaccharide capsule
normal flora. . . inhalation
classical lobar pneumonia
Penicillin treatment
vaccine - Conjugated Prevnar (kids 2 and younger) ; Multivalent Pneumovax (adults) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bordetella Pertussis
Virulent strains are encapsulated and toxin producing
inhalation
URT and LRT , paralysis of ciliated cells
Vaccine - TDaP |
|
|
Term
Secretes proteases which destroy cellular proteins
spread through fine water mist |
|
Definition
Legionella pneumophilia
intracellular; motile; Legionnaires Disease
URT illness
Levofloxacin + Azithromycin |
|
|
Term
| Metachromatic granules and Pseudomembrane formation in URT |
|
Definition
Corynebacterium Diptheriae
Gram + ; "chinese characters"
Diptheria
Exotoxin (due to TOX gene bacteriophage transduction)
inactivates EF2
rash indistinguishable from impetigo
normal flora
Vaccine - TDaP |
|
|
Term
| Catalase + with Polyribophosphate capsule, X factor, V-factor |
|
Definition
Haemophelius (influenzae)
requires blood components for growth
X factor - hemin
V-vactor - B complex vitamin
Hib Vaccine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Klebsiella pneumoniae
enteric organism ; large gelatinous capsule
Intestinal and respiratory tract
2 species K.ozenae and K.rhinoscleromatis |
|
|
Term
| Neonatal Pneumonia and/or Meningitis |
|
Definition
Listeria monocytogenes
crosses placental and affects fetus
Intracelular
Psychrophilic
Dairy product transmission (Brucellae, Coxiella brunii, Y.enterocolitica)
Amoxicillin, Vancomycin, Ampicillin |
|
|
Term
| inhalation of dried bird feces |
|
Definition
Chlamydia psitticosis
atypical pneumonia resembling influenza***
No vaccine
Antibiotics |
|
|
Term
| No cell wall ; requires cholesterol to grow ; Walking Pneumonia |
|
Definition
Mycoplasma not effected by penicillin ; use tetracycline ; no vaccine
Obligate Intracellular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sulfur granules
"Lumpy Jaw"
Normal Flora ; endogenous to the mouth
Penicillin or Tetracycline
Anaerobic |
|
|
Term
| 2 acid fast (Zeil-Nelson stain) bacteria |
|
Definition
Mycobacterium
and
Nocardia asterodies (pulmonary and CNS associated) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Actinomyces
Bacillus
Corenybacterium
Clostridium
Listeria
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Borrellia (spirocheate)
also can cause Berreliosis and Lymes Disease
Vector mediated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Borrelia Vencetti
causes ANUG - acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Borrellia recurrentis - relapsing fever
Ricketsiae Prowazakii - Epidemic typhus
- obligate intracellular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Borrelia Burgdorferia - lymes disease
Ricketsiae rickettseii - **Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever**
- obligate intracellular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Borrelia duodenii
soft-shelled tick borne
warm weather
multiple dose of tetracycline or erythromycin
animal-human transmission via saliva of ticks |
|
|
Term
| Most common vector of tick (vector) borne disease in the USA |
|
Definition
Borrelia burgdorferia
Lyme's Disease
Hard shelled Tick
Erythma migrans - Bulls eye target rash
CNS manifestations w/ AV block and subtle myocarditis and arthritis
NO human to human
Reservoirs : Rodents Deer, Domestic pets
multiplel doses of oral Doxycycline |
|
|
Term
| Obligate intracellular organisms |
|
Definition
Chlamydia
Ricketsiae - ***except R.quintana = extracellular
Mycoplasma |
|
|
Term
| Jaundice ; Weil's Disease ; Canicola fever |
|
Definition
Leptospira interogans
Leptospirosis - pathongenic
Canicola - dog MOST COMMON in USA
Contact with ANIMAL URINE. . . break in skin or inhalation
Systemic disease involves. . . Brain, Lungs, Liver, Kidney
(colonize)
IV penicillin, YES vaccine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Undulating fever
LPS endotoxin
Intracellular
B.melitenisis - goats&sheep , most pathogenic
Localized to mammary glands & preg. uterus
Skin abrasions, conjunctival exp, inhalation
MILK UNPASTURIZED ! ( Y.enterolitica, Listeria, Coxiella bruneii)
LONG LONG recovery weeks to months |
|
|
Term
| Coagulase produced at 28C, Rat flea vector |
|
Definition
Yersina Pestis / Enterolitica
Fraction I - antiphagocitic
Black death, bubonic/pneumonic plegue
LPS and Murine Exotoxin
Optimum temp = 30C , envelope slime layer @37C
Y.e. - milk - fever, bloody diarrhea - Resembles APPENDICITS
Y.p - Rat flea - large painful buboes, vomit , diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| Typhoidal and Pneumotitis Tuleremia |
|
Definition
Francicella
TT - most serious - ingestion
PT - most frequent - systemic
JACK RABBITS !
Intracellular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*Pasturella multocida - most common organism from infected dog & cat bites
*Actinomyces - sulfer granules
*Streptococcus pneumoniae - most common pneumonia
*Corenybacterium diptheriae - metachromatic g. pseudom.
*Malisazia furfur (fungus - superficial mycoses) - UV green |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Obligate intracellular
*except for R.Quintana = extracellular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
R.prowazekii
human body louse vector - similar to B.recurrentis
gangrene in severe froms
highest fatality rate = 10-40%
Yes vaccine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rat flea - Y. pestis - black death, bubonic/pneumonic plague
Rate Louse - R.typhi - Endemic typhus |
|
|
Term
| Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
|
Definition
Ricketsiae Rickettsii
Hard shelled tick - *similar to B.burgdorferia (lyme's dis)
intravascular coagulation in severe cases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Coxiella brunii
infected milk, inhalation (urine, feces, animal hides)
Vector - arthropods , especially ticks
possible GI symptoms and chest pain
Doxycycline
Vaccine- QVAX |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
HPV --> Oropharyngeal + cervical (16+18)
Hepatitis B (HBV) --> (see below)
Hepatitis C (HCV) --> hepatic cell carcinoma
Epstein-Barr Virus (HHV4) --> Nasopharngeal + burkitts lym |
|
|
Term
| Lipid Envelope with E1 and E2 viral glycoproteins |
|
Definition
Coronavirus
+ssRNA, long helical structure
Inhalation
Respiratory Disease (URT) - NO FEVER
Gastrointestinal disease
growth cycle in cytoplasm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Polivirus - anterior horn cells of spinal cord*** & asp meng
Coxsackie (A+B) virus - A - herpangina
Echovirus -
Rhinovirus - ONLY one that is inhalation , common cold
Hepatitis A - jaudice |
|
|
Term
| General Picornavirus traits |
|
Definition
+ssRNA
No envelope
Icosahedral
Replicate in cytoplasm
Stable at pH 3-5 |
|
|
Term
anterior horn cells of spinal cord
and possible
Viral (aseptic) meningitis |
|
Definition
Poliovirus
ingestion - for all picornaviruses EXCEPT for rhinovirus
+ssRNA
No envelope , icosahedral
Replicate in cytoplasm
Progressive postpoliomyelitis muscle atrophy
Vaccine: Salk (killed) , Sabin (live attenuated, BEST ONE) |
|
|
Term
Lesions in CNS , heart muscle, other organs
Neonatal disease, acute fatal encephalomyocarditis (infants) and acute myocardiopathy |
|
Definition
Coxsackie B virus
Coxsackie A virus --> herpangina
BOTH grow in oropharnx and intestine
Ingestion
CNS and peripheral nerve involvement
NEVER treat with Asprin --> Reyes syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Coxsackie virus
Influenza Virus
Human Herpes Virus 3 - VZV
DO NOT TREAT WITH ASPRIN |
|
|
Term
| Only picornavirus that is transmitted via inhalation , Common cold |
|
Definition
Rhinovirus
Acid laible
Heat stable (grow best at 33C)
NO FEVER ***same as Coronavirus |
|
|
Term
| 6 characteristics of a virus |
|
Definition
Very small
DNA or RNA (NOT BOTH)
Obligate intracellular parasite
No ribosomes
Not susceptible to antibiotics
specific tissue tropism |
|
|
Term
| 4 ways of classification of viruses |
|
Definition
Symmetry
Nucleic Acid type
Host cell type
Serological relationships |
|
|
Term
| 5 Enteroviruses of Picornaviruses |
|
Definition
Poliovirus
Coxsackie A virus
Coxsackie B virus
Echovirus
Enterovirus |
|
|
Term
True or False
+ssRNA can create viral proteins immediately |
|
Definition
True
-ssRNA cannot, they need to make the template strand first. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
HPV - circular DNA
Hepatitis B - dsDNA
Human Herpes Virus 1-8 - dsDNA |
|
|
Term
Which of the following does not belong to the family Paramyxovirus?
Parainfluenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Measles, Mumps, Rubella |
|
Definition
Rubella does NOT below to paramyxoviruses. it is a Togavirus
+ssRNA ; Icosahedral
Inhalation
Fetus malformation + mild upper respiratory symptoms
YES vaccine - MMR (live attenuated) |
|
|
Term
| which group of viruses has Hemagluttin-neuramidase and fusion glycoproteins ? |
|
Definition
Paramyxoviruses
including (Measles, Mumps, RSV) |
|
|
Term
| What is the most important cause of lower respiratory tract illness in infants especially between 2-4months old ? |
|
Definition
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
it is a paramyxovirus
- linear RNA
helical nucleoprotein capsid
immediate hypersensitivity (type I - IgE) rxn
Treat with Ribavirin |
|
|
Term
| Generalized exanthematous (skin eruption) disease with characteristic Koplik spots on buccal mucosa. |
|
Definition
Measles
inhalation
Multinucleated giant cells - *similar to RSV syncitia
reticuloendothelial system and Rash w/ possible CNS
Prodromal fever
Vaccine yes - MMR |
|
|
Term
| Killed vaccine which has no fusion proteins gives incomplete protection against ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Parotitis & salivary gland infection
2. Orchitis (testes/ovaries)
3. Aseptic meningitis (* similar to poliovirus) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| HPV 16 and 18 are known causative agents of what type of cancer? |
|
Definition
Cervical cancer
HPV 6 - Genital warts (condylomas) - most common STD
HPV 1-4 - cutaneous warts |
|
|
Term
| Gardasil and Ceravix are used to treat what ? |
|
Definition
Gardisil - HPV 6, 11, 16, 18 serotpyes - prevent warts and protect against cervical cancer.
Ceravix - HPV 16 and 18 serotypes protect ONLY against cervical cancer |
|
|
Term
| Condoms can reduce risk of what virus ? but not another ? |
|
Definition
| Condoms can reduce risk of HIV but NOT HPV |
|
|
Term
| What virus takes residence in the basal cell layer of squamous epithelial cells, but does not lyse them ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hemagglutinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA) are matrix proteins of what virus ? while hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) is on the envelope of which virus ? |
|
Definition
Q1: Influenza Virus - have HA and NA
Q2: Paramyxoviruses (RSV, Measles, Mumps) - has HN
HA - helps with attachment to sialic from host cell for virus fusion
NA - lowers the viscosity of the host cell membrane prior to vision release from cell. |
|
|
Term
| which two virus undergo massive amounts of genetic reassortment/change ? which of the two has a higher mutation rate ? |
|
Definition
Influenza - changes yearly (genetic shift and/or drift)
HIV - changes multiple times within an infected individual
*HIV has a much higher mutation rate. |
|
|
Term
| Myxoviruses have an affinity for what type of environment ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| amantadine and rimantidine are used to treat what ? |
|
Definition
Influenza A virus
NOT effective against H5N1 or avian flu viruses.
Vaccines for influenza are typically Tri/tetravalent with several strains of A and B types |
|
|
Term
| Lipid enveloped virus is characteristic of what group ? are they DNA or RNA viruses ? |
|
Definition
Orthomyxovirus (eg. Influenza virus) - -ssRNA
Herpesvirus (eg. HSV1 , VZV,) - dsDNA
HIV - 2 identical copies of linear ss RNA . . .needs Reverse Transcriptase |
|
|
Term
| Respiratory Papillomatosis is the result of ? |
|
Definition
| mother --> fetus viral transmission via aspiration of HPV during birth. |
|
|
Term
| what test detects for abnormalities of cells in the cervix of females ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which Hepatitis viruses are chronic ?
which hepatitis viruses requires HBV infection prior ?
Which hep. virus/es are sexual/blood transmitted ?
What is the most important factor for measuring the infectivity potential of a hepatitis virus ? |
|
Definition
Q1: Hep B, C, and D
Q2: Hep D
Q3: Hep B, C, and D
Q4 : HBeAg |
|
|
Term
| what are 3 other viruses that can cause hepatitis ? |
|
Definition
Epstein-Barr virus (human herpes virus 4)
Cytomegalovirus (human herpes virus 5)
Measles (rubeola)
Mumps
Rubella
Coxsackievirus |
|
|
Term
to be categorized as chronic hepatitis what is the criteria ?
Which is the most chronic hepatitis ? |
|
Definition
HBsAg must be in circulation for 6months or LONGER.
Hepatitis C is most chronic |
|
|
Term
| in the early acute phase of Hepatitis A virus (HAV) what is present ? what about in the acute phase ? convalescent phase ? |
|
Definition
anti-HAV IgM
anti-HAV IgM and anti-HAV IgG
anti- HAV IgG |
|
|
Term
| an individual is contagious with Hepatitis B as long as what 2 things are in circulation ? which of those would be absent during the convalescent phase "window phase" of an HBV infection? |
|
Definition
HBsAg and HBeAg
during the convalescent phase, only HBeAg would exist. HBsAg would be ABSENT ! |
|
|
Term
| which is more infective HIV or Hepatitis B ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| name a specific virus that is a Flavivirus ? Calicivirus ? |
|
Definition
Hepatitis C = Flavivirus
Hepatitis E = Calicivirus |
|
|
Term
| the most common human virus is ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 important life cycle growth traits of all herpes viruses are ? |
|
Definition
1. "ballooning of cells"
2. intranucleuated inclusion bodies
3. multinucleate giant cells |
|
|
Term
| HSV1 commonly affects what area of the body ? where does it remain latent ? mode of transmission ? 2 characterisitc clinical findings include ? |
|
Definition
Q1: oral cavity (lips)
Q2: Trigeminal Ganglia
Q3: inhalation via respiratory droplets OR direct contact
Q4: Whitlow's infection (fingers) and Eczema herpeticum |
|
|
Term
| HSV2 primarily affects what part of the body ? mode of transmission ? site of latency ? what clinical manifestations ? |
|
Definition
Q1 : Genitals
Q2 : sexual OR mother--> fetus
Q3 : Sacral ganglia
Q4 : Genital herpes, neonatal herpes, and Whitlow's inf. + Eczema herpeticum |
|
|
Term
| What is the drug treatment for HSV1 and 2 ? what does it do ? |
|
Definition
| Acyclivor , nucleosides get phosphorylated by Thymidine kinase and DNA replication is blocked. |
|
|
Term
| What is Human Herpes Virus 3 ? |
|
Definition
Varicella-Zoster Virus = chickenpox and shingles
you cannot get shingles if you have not had chickenpox
Varicella - mild, generalized rash, children usually
Zoster - unilateral rash (follows nerve tracts), extremely painful, |
|
|
Term
| infectious Mononucleosis refers to what virus ? |
|
Definition
Epstein-Barr virus (Human Herpes Virus 4)
"Kissing Disease" - saliva
immortalizes B cells, and remains latent in B cells
Atypical lymphocytes and HETEROPHILE ANTIBODIES !
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt's Lymphoma |
|
|
Term
| what virus is called the salivary gland virus and exhibits cell gigantism, but has NO heterophile antibodies ? |
|
Definition
Cytomegalovirus
Latent in secretory glands and Kidneys |
|
|
Term
| Human Herpes Virus 6 and 7 have genomic similarity with ? but share ? |
|
Definition
genomic similarity with Cytomegalovirus
they share antigenic similarity
BOTH grow in T lymphocytes |
|
|
Term
| Kaposi's sarcoma is indicative of what 2 viruses ? |
|
Definition
Human Herpes Virus 8
and
HIV/AIDS |
|
|
Term
what functions belong with head of the molecules. . .
gp120 , gp41, CXCR4, CCR5
Where virus are these important for ? |
|
Definition
gp120 - virus attachment to CD4 celles
gp41 - fusion
CXCR4 - T cell entry
CCR5 - macrophage/monocyte entry
HIV VIRUS ! |
|
|
Term
| What two viral infections can induce Fc receptors that help predispose an individual to contracting AIDS virus ? |
|
Definition
HSV and CMV induce Fc receptors . . . these can be later used by the HIV virus-antibody complex to enter cells.
*NOTICE, both of these are Herpes Virus ! |
|
|
Term
What is the hallmark for an AIDS virus infection ?
what is the major reservoir of the AIDS virus ? |
|
Definition
T helper lymphocytes (CD4) get infected, easily killed, allow many progeny viruses, and form syncytia.
major reservoir is the Moncytes and macrophages |
|
|
Term
| What is the best predictor of AIDS virus outcome ? |
|
Definition
| Level of HIV1 RNA in the plasma ("viral load") |
|
|
Term
| What are 2 (3?)AIDS defining conditions ? What is the recommended treatment for HIV/AIDS ? |
|
Definition
Q1 : Pneumocystis Carinii (Jirovecii) peumonia (PCP) Kaposi's Sarcoma
Histoplasma Capsulatum
Q2 : Highly Active Anti-Retroviaral Therapy (HAART) , it is a 3 drug combination (AZT, 3TC, and Indinavir). AZT targets Reverse transcriptase. Indinavir targets protease inhibitors. Prevention of envelop fusion with host cell membrane |
|
|
Term
what is the screening test for HIV/AIDS ? what is the confirmatory test ?
if you are HIV positive during the screening test do you have HIV/AIDS ? |
|
Definition
ELISA = screening test
Western Blot = confirmatory test
Just because you are HIV+ in the ELISA screening test DOES NOT mean you have HIV/AIDS it is a possible false + |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 dermatophytes ? which causes athletes foot ? which causes jock itch ? |
|
Definition
Microsporium
Trichophyton - athletes foot
Epidermophyton floccosum - jock itch |
|
|
Term
[image]is this macro or microconidia ? which family does it belong to ? |
|
Definition
Macroconidia - large spindle shaped spines
Dermatophyte (sueprficial mycoses) - Microsporium
UV light fluorescence blue green
Treat with Allylamines (eg. Lamisil) and Azoles . . . BOTH target the sterols of the membrane |
|
|
Term
[image]Micro or macroconidia ? which family do they belong to ? |
|
Definition
Macroconidia - club shaped
Dermatophytes (superfical mycoses) - Epidermophyton f.
tinea cruris (groin) , pedis (foot), and unguium (nail) |
|
|
Term
What is the causative agent of a superfical infection of the Stratum corneum ?
A sample taken from the infection fluoresces green.[image] |
|
Definition
Malasazia furfur (lipophilic fungus)
"spaghetti and meatballs"
Normal flora . . .the ONLY other commensal along with Candida
causes Tinea Versicolor |
|
|
Term
Not a dimorphic fungus
what is its tropism ?
[image] |
|
Definition
Cryptococcus neoformans (systemic mycoses)
budding yeast organism
Polysaccharide capsule
Urease Positive
inhalation . . . high risk groups are immunocompromised
LUNG TISSUE infected
Tropism : Neurotropic for CNS --> Brain Abscess + Meningitis
Histological presentation - "fried egg" in brain tissue
best demonstrated with INDIA INK
|
|
|
Term
has single buding yeast cells with Figure 8 nucleus. . .
treated with Oral Potassium Iodide (simple method)
[image]
slide 34 |
|
Definition
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Inhalation . . . soil + birds
LUNG TISSUE
Most effective treatment is with Amphotericin B, Azoles, and antifungals |
|
|
Term
What is this ? name of fungus ? Characteristic trait of yeast cells ?
[image]
slide 39 |
|
Definition
Paracoccidiodes (blastomyces) brasilienis
multiple-buding yeast cells
has estrogen receptors preventing yeast formation
Associated with BATS and ARMADILLOS
Inhalation via Soil + plants
infects mucous membranes of nose, mouth, anus
IMPORTANT DIAGNOSTIC - development of multiple daughter cells + multiple budding yeast forms (see picture)
|
|
|
Term
| What is common to all the systemic mycoses ? |
|
Definition
They all . . .
- are found environmentally related to soil
- are transmitted by Inhalation
- infect LUNG TISSUE
- can cause mucous-cutanous lesions under appropriate conditions , pulmonary lesions, dissemination
|
|
|
Term
What is diagnostic characterisitic of Histoplasma Capsulatum?
[image]
slide 41 |
|
Definition
DIAGNOSTIC = Tuberculated Chamydospores
Intracellular
spores are inhaled
LUNG TISSUE
in an HIV+ patient , considered an "AIDS defining illness"
"flu like" symptoms that can be confused with Miliary TB
can lead to Hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia.
TREAT with Oral itraconazole
|
|
|
Term
What is fungus is this ?
[image]
slide 43 |
|
Definition
Histoplasma capsulatum
intracellular Tuberculated chlamydospores can be seen |
|
|
Term
What is this fungi ?
[image] |
|
Definition
Coccidiodies immitis . . . dimporphic
- arthrospores (arthroconidia) alteranating filled an unfilled
- endosporulating spherules in infected tissue
- valley fever
- Inhalation
- LUNG TISSUE
- Treat with Amphotericin B and/or Ketoconazole
|
|
|
Term
What is this fungi ?
[image]
slide 47 |
|
Definition
Coccidiodies immitis
Endosporulating spherules |
|
|
Term
| Which of the systemic mycoses can be chronic ? |
|
Definition
Histoplasma capsulatum
and
Coccidiodies immitis |
|
|
Term
| which opportunistic fungi is NOT thermodimorphic ? |
|
Definition
Candida
- they can exist as yeast or mold regardless of temp.
- cause...oral thrush, cutaneous candidiasis, intestinal candidiasis, candida vaginitis , and systemic candidasis.
- Endogenous to mouth, surface of skin, intestine, vagina
- Broad-spec antibiotics, cortisone, anethesia, change in pH are all predisposing factors
- Topical Nystatin or amphotericin B - for treatment
- Ketoconazole for systemic infection
|
|
|
Term
Penicillin producing ?
[image] |
|
Definition
Aspergillus penicillium
exogenous species
opportunistic
lung tissue and invasion of blood vessel walls surrouunding tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Once considered a protozoa , but now known as a fungus.
It is insensitive to Amphotericin B.
[image] |
|
Definition
Pneumocystis Carinii
- "deflated ball" shape
- lacks erosterol , so CANNOT use amphotericin or azole drug treatments
- almost EXCLUSIVELY seen in AIDS pts. (PCP)
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (bactrium) - treat
- pentamindine (more toxic) - treatment
- SILVER STAIN of lung biopsy for yeat organisms (cysts)*
|
|
|
