Term
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Definition
| Alcohol-induced; Viral Hepatitis; Drug/toxin associatied; Ischemic hepatitis |
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Term
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Definition
| Hepatitis A, B, or C; EBV; CMV; HIV |
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Term
| Drug/toxin associated acute hepatitis |
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Definition
| acetaminophen, antimycobacterial agents |
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Term
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Definition
| sepsis; severe hypotension |
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Term
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Definition
| Amebic Liver Disease (generally rare in US); Pyogenic liver absecess |
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Term
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Definition
| fever and dull, aching abdominal pain (sx < 14 days); mainly in travelers and imigrants; Entamoeba histolytica--> "anchovy paste" aspirate |
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Term
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Definition
| Metronidazole 750 mg TID x 7-10 days |
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Term
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Definition
| Fever, Fatigue +/- weight loss (5-26 days) |
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Term
| Pyogenic liver abscess Empiric therapy initially --> may use targeted treatment with cultures |
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Definition
| Broad spectrum; Piperacillin/tazobactam; Carbapenems; 3rd or 4th gen Cephs PLUS metronidazole; Fluoroquinolone PLUS Metronidazole |
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Term
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Definition
| 2-3 weeks IV antibiotics; then 2-3 weeks PO antibiotics (if possible); surgical drainage |
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Term
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Definition
| Production of a toxic metabolite |
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Term
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Definition
| Chronic accumulation of fatty acids |
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Term
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Definition
| Chronic accumulation of phospholipids |
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Term
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Definition
| Haptin mediated auto-immune reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| Progressive damage from drugs that leads to hepatic fibrosis |
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Term
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Definition
| Impaired liver bile canal or duct system |
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Term
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Definition
| Focal lesions in venules, sinusoids and portal veins |
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Term
| Mild: asymptomatic elevations of ALT/AST; Severe: N/V, upper abdominal pain, jaundice |
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Definition
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Term
| Mild: abdominal fullness or pain; Severe: alcoholic hepatitis |
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Definition
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Term
| Elevations of ALT/AST, hepatomegaly |
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Definition
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Term
| Early onset elevations of ALT/AST. Usually mild (fatal if progresses) |
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Definition
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Term
| Symptoms of liver Failure |
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Definition
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Term
| Nausea, jaundice, pruritus |
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Definition
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Term
| Centralized liver necrosis, cirrhosis |
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Definition
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Term
| Centrolobular Necrosis Examples |
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Definition
| ACETAMINOPHEN, halothane, aspirine, VALPROATE |
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Term
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Definition
| ALCOHOL, tetracycline, VALPROATE |
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Term
| Phospholipidosis Examples |
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Definition
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Term
| Hepatocellular Necrosis Examples |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| METHOTREXATE, Vitamin A (high doses) |
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Term
| Cholestatic Injury Examples |
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Definition
| ESTROGENS, chlorpromazine, AMOX-CLAV, ERYTHROMYCIN, SMX-TMP |
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Term
| Liver Vascular disorders examples |
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Definition
| Androgens, ESTROGENS, TAMOXIFEN, AZATHIOPRINE |
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Term
| (generally): Adults: >7.5 gm; Chidlren: 150 mg/kg |
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Definition
| Acetaminophen acute overdose |
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Term
| Several days of exposure: Adults >4 gm; children 75 mg/kg |
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Definition
| Acetaminophen chronic overdose |
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Term
| usually produced in small amounts; Highly toxic --> hepatic necrosis; Glutathione --> conjugation to non-toxic form |
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Definition
| N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine (NAPQI) |
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Term
| Treatment of Acute Acetaminophen Overdose |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| reduces conversion of APAP to NAPQI; both oral and IV available; best if given within 24 hrs of APAP overdose |
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Term
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Definition
| IV: anaphylactoid reactions; PO: Nausea/vomiting |
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Term
| Nonogram (treatment of acute acetaminophen overdose) |
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Definition
| NOT appropriate: chronic EtOH abuse; hepatic insufficiency |
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Term
| Oral acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) |
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Definition
| Only in low risk situation; 10 gm/100 ml or 20 gm/100 ml solution |
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Term
| IV acetylcysteine (Acetadote) |
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Definition
| Moderate-high risk situations; Loading dose: 150 mg/kg over 60 minutes |
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Term
| Alcohol withdraw symptoms |
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Definition
| minor withdraw (6-36 hrs); Seizures(6-48 hrs); Alcoholic hallucinations (12-48 hrs); Delirium Tremens (49-96 hrs) |
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Term
| alcohol withdrawal: minor withdraw |
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Definition
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Term
| alcohol withdrawal: seizures |
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Definition
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Term
| alcohol withdrawal: alcoholic hallucinations |
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Definition
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Term
| alcohol withdrawal: delirium tremens |
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Definition
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Term
| Reduce potential for seizures |
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Definition
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Term
| Parent: 8-24 hrs; metabolite: none; rapid onset |
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Definition
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Term
| Parent: 14-70 hrs; metabolite: 30-200 hrs; rapid onset |
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Definition
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Term
| Parent: 3-29 hrs; Metabolite: 28-100 hrs; Intermediate onset |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Ok in liver insufficiency; easier titration; higher abuse potential; more frequent |
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Term
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Definition
| Less frequent dosing; decreased rebound effects; higher abuse potential; accumulation |
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Term
| Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) |
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Definition
| Less frequent dosing; decreased rebound effects; accumulation; PO ONLY |
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Term
| prevention of Wernicke's encephalopathy |
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Definition
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Term
| IV hydration and supplementation (alcohol withdrawal) |
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Definition
| Thiamine, magnesium, multivitamins, folic acid |
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