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Liver and Pathology
Diagnostic Medical Sonography
62
Medical
Not Applicable
10/12/2011

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Cards

Term
The RLL is how many times larger than the LLL
Definition
5-6 times larger
Term
The Liver is covered by what?
Definition
Glisson's Capsule
Term
The liver is what type of organ
Definition
intraperitoneal
Term
Put the following in order from least echogenic to most echogenic: liver, renal cortex, renal sinus, renal medullary pyramids, spleen
Definition
least (renal sinus > pancreas> liver ≥ spleen > renal cortex > renal medullary pyramids) most
Term
The right lobe is divided into (anterior/posterior, medial/lateral, cranial/caudal) segments
Definition
anterior/posterior
Term
The left lobe is divided into (anterior/posterior, medial/lateral, cranial/caudal) segments
Definition
medial/lateral
Term
Vein that divides the right lobe into anterior and posterior segments
Definition
RHV
Term
Vein that divides the left lobe into medial and lateral segments
Definition
LHV
Term
Vein that divides the liver into right and left lobes
Definition
MHV
Term
What is a remnant of the fetal umbilical vein; divides the left lobe into medial and lateral segments
Definition
Lig Teres (Round Lig)
Term
What is a remnant of the fetal umbilical vein; divides the left lobe into medial and lateral segments
Definition
Lig Teres (Round Lig)
Term
What contains the lig teres; extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm and attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm
Definition
Falciform Lig
Term
What is a remnant of the fetal ductus venosus, divides the caudate lobe from the left lobe
Definition
Lig Venosum
Term
What separate the right and left lobes of the liver, echogenic linear line extending from the portal vein to the neck of the GB
Definition
MLF
Term
15. The hepatic veins drain (oxygenated, deoxygenated) blood into the IVC
Definition
deoxygenated
Term
Portal or hepatic
a.increase in size as they cours superiorly toward the IVC
b.Follows a cephalic oblique course and enters into the liver at the porta hepatis
c.walls are less echogenic than the portal veins
d.Provides 75-80% of the blood supply to the liver
Definition
a. H
b. P
c. H
d. P
Term
What two vessels form the portal vein
Definition
splenic vein and SMV
Term
What is the velocity of the MPV
Definition
20-30 cm/s
Term
The PV has (hepatopetal, hepatofugal) flow
Definition
hepatopetal
Term
The CBD is formed by what two structures
Definition
cystic duct, hepatic duct
Term
What LFT normally metabolizes in the liver and is excreted as urea, increased in hepatocellular disease
Definition
Ammonia
Term
What LFT is increased in liver cell necrosis and helps detect acute hepatitis
Definition
AST
Term
What LFT is excreted by the liver in bile and is the breakdown of RBC
Definition
Bilirubin
Term
What LFT is used to assess jaundice and rises higher than AST with hepatitis
Definition
ALT
Term
What LFT is useful in the clotting process by the action of Vitamin K
Definition
PT
Term
What LFT rises in liver and biliary tract disorders when bile excretion is impaired
Definition
ALP
Term
What LFT is a volume percentage of erythrocytes in the whole body
Definition
Hematocrit
Term
What LFT is increased with an infection
Definition
Leudocytosis
Term
What LFT is specific for hepatoma
Definition
ALP
Term
What does TIPS stand for
Definition
transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
Term
In a failure of TIPS, the portal flow will be ? and the HA and RI will be ?
Definition
decreased, increased
Term
SGOT is known as what LFT
Definition
AST
Term
SGPT is known as what LFT
Definition
ALT
Term
decrease in liver function with an increase in liver enzymes
Definition
diffuse hepatocellular disease
Term
distubances within the liver cells that interfere with excretion of bilirubin
Definition
hepatocellular disease
Term
an increase in RBC destruction that results in the increase of indirect bilirubin (obstructive jaundice)
Definition
hemolytic disease
Term
Interference with the flow of bile caused by obstruction of the biliary tract
Definition
surgical (obstructive) jaundice
Term
most common cause of intrahepatic portal hypertension
Definition
cirrhosis
Term
portal hypertension is when the portal v is > ? mm
Definition
13mm
Term
asymptomatic unless enlarged, normal LFT's, round smooth walls that is anechoic
Definition
congenital cyst
Term
Multiple cysts of various sizes int he liver parenchyma, normal LFT's
Definition
Polycystic disease
Term
asymptomatic unless enlarged, jaundice and incraesed ALP
Definition
Acquired cysts (echinococcal = paracite)
Term
present with fever, pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, leukocytisis, increased LFT's, anemia, RLL orgin
Definition
Infectious (pyogenic abscess)
Term
immunocompromised (AIDS), RUQ pain, fever, hepatomegaly, fatty inflitrations, wheel within a wheel appearance
Definition
Fungal infection (candidasis)
Term
RUQ pain, hypotension, decreaesd hematocrit, leukocystic, mostly cystic, echogenic, irregular shape
Definition
hematoma
Term
asymptomatic, seen more in women, normal LFT's, RLL appearance, increased through transmission, most common benign tumor of the liver
Definition
Cavernous hemangioma
Term
increased incidence in women on oral contraceptives, normal LFT's, echogenic, RLL appearance
Definition
FNH
Term
palpable mass, increased incidence in women on oral contraceptives or men on steroids, normal LFT's, RLL appeaance, hyperechoic
Definition
Adenoma
Term
occurs before 6 mo, CHF secondary to AV shunting
Definition
infantile hemagioendothelioma
Term
palpable mass, rapid liver enlargement, jaundice, weight loss, increased AST ALT ALP AFP, hypoechoic early and becomes hyper
Definition
HCC
Term
palpable mass, rapid liver enlargement, jaundice, weight loss, increased AST ALT ALP AFP, hypoechoic early and becomes hyper
Definition
Acute HCC
Term
portal hypertension, ascites, splenomegaly, Budd-Chiari Syndrome increased AST ALT ALP AFP, hypoechoic early and becomes hyper
Definition
Chronic HCC
Term
abdominal enlargement, hepatomegaly, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, precocious puberty, elevated AFP, found during infancy/childhood
Definition
Hepatoblastoma
Term
primary sites: GI tract, breast, lungs, LFT's abnormal, increased bilirubin and ALP
Definition
mets
Term
sonographically there is no visualization of the portal vein/echoes within the PV, dilation of the SV and SMV what is the most likely finding
Definition
PV obstruction
Term
obstruction of the hepativ veins caused by thrombosis or compression from a liver mass, jaundice, Ab pain, Hepatomegaly, ascites
Definition
Budd-Chiari Syndrome
Term
25% of the blood is supplied to the liver by the ? and then other 75% is supplied by the ?
Definition
HA, PV
Term
What is the umbilical portion of the PV
Definition
LPV
Term
portal hypertension is PV pressure > ? mmHg
Definition
30 mmHg
Term
Normal PV pressure is ? mmHg
Definition
2-3 mmHg
Term
-fatty infiltration of the liver
-PV diameter > 13 mm
-hepatofugal flow
-pulsatile PV flow
-Splenomegaly
-decreased volume in PV
-Ascites
Definition
Portal Hypertension
Term
what allows communication between the portal and hepatic system
Definition
TIPS
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