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        | considering a literary work in light of the time in which it was written |  | 
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        | considering a literary work in light of the author's background or personal experience |  | 
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        | The 5 Elements of Fiction |  | Definition 
 
        | 1. Plot 2. Setting
 3. Tone
 4. Imagery
 5. Theme
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        | sequence of events (beginning, middle, end) |  | 
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        | where the action takes place within a story |  | 
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        | the mood or feeling the author attempts to convey |  | 
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        | descriptive passages to help readers form mental pictures |  | 
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        | giving an inanimate object human qualities |  | 
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        | a two-work contradiction 
 ex. monstrous joy
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        | a contradiction involving the unexpected or least expected |  | 
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        | hints or clues given beforehand of events to come |  | 
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        | a word spelled like it sounds 
 ex. buzz
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        | a reference to another literary work or historical event 
 ex. Salem = witch trials
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        | the repetition of letters and sounds for effect |  | 
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        | repetition of consonant sounds 
 ex. titled in the light
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        | the repetition of vowel sounds 
 ex. looped loose and cool
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        | an object which stands for something larger than it is |  | 
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        | a fictional representation of a person |  | 
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        | developed in detail, multi-dimensional |  | 
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        | undeveloped, one dimensional |  | 
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        | two characters set aside by side for the purpose of contract 
 Ex. Maggie vs. Dee
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        | changes over the course of the story/action |  | 
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        | does not change over the course of the story/action |  | 
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        | a sudden realization or moment of enlightenment |  | 
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        | a character who creates change |  | 
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        | uses I, me and my in the telling; events are revealed from the narrators perspective |  | 
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        | Second-Person Perspective |  | Definition 
 
        | uses you and tells you how you feel 
 ex. the end of the Thriller music video
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        | uses he and she in the telling; characters thoughts and actions are revealed |  | 
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        | all-knowing; the thoughts of all characters are revealed |  | 
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        | one particular characters thoughts are described, but not all thoughts are revealed |  | 
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        | no thoughts are revealed; events are revealed in a non-subjective, dispassionate way. |  | 
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        | scapegoat; someone who is ostracized and selected to be blamed for all general wrongs |  | 
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        | a comparison using substitution 
 ex. My love IS a red, red, rose.
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        | a comparison using like or as 
 ex. My love IS LIKE a red, red, rose.
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        | exaggeration for effect 
 ex. I'm starving, I will love you until the seas run dry
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        | a story with two parallel, consistent layers of meaning, one being literal and the other figurative |  | 
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        | substitution of words intended to evoke an image 
 ex. suits = business executive
 hired gun = assassin
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        | substitution of words exchanging a part for the whole 
 ex. law = police officer
 the sword = violence
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        | the poems speaker addresses an absent person or thing 
 ex. Dr. King, if you were here today...
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        | contains no regular patterns of meter, line length, or rhyme scheme 
 ex. Prose poem, Whirlman
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        | Close Form/Fixed Form Poem |  | Definition 
 
        | contained regular patters of meter, line length and rhyme scheme 
 ex. Shakespeare's sonnets
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        | a tribute to an object or person 
 ex. Keats "Ode to a Grecian Urn"
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        | a mourning person 
 ex. Housmans "To an Athlete Dying Young"
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        | written to celebrate an occasion such as a birthday or a wedding |  | 
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        | a poem celebrating nature, country life or simple pleasures 
 ex. Frosts "Nothing Gold Can Stay"
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        | themes and characters are treated with humor and the actions reaches a happy conclusion |  | 
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        | Through a social situation, involving obstacles, people are exposed for who they really are. In the resolution, human folly is forgiven and order is restored |  | 
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        | themes and characters are treated as serious subjects and the actions reaches an unhappy but enlightening conclusion and a lesson is learned |  | 
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        | through the rise and fall of a single person, the audience is made to feel fear, pity, recognizing themselves as they lend their attention and sympathy |  | 
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        | villain, opposite of hero |  | 
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        | struggle w/ outside forces |  | 
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        | rising action, heightening |  | 
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        | aftermath, working out conflict |  | 
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