Chiasmus is a figure of speech with two phrases which are parallel but inverted to one another.

"You can take a lion out of the wild, but you cannot take the wild out of a lion."
 

Author purposely leaves out a conjuction in a sentece while keeping grammatical accuracy.

"Eat, Sleep, Work."

Using the same letters to create a new word.

"Debit Card" "Bad Credit"

Lending a human quality to an object or non-human being.

"Angry skies with roaring thunder"

Forming a rhyme in one line or verse.

"We were the first that ever burst"

Excessive language and surplus words to convey a meaning that could be said through fewer words.

"I am mad"

"I am extremely disappointed in the way todays events seemed to go against me"

Two sentences of contrasting meanings in close proximity to one another.

"One small step for a man but a giant leap for mankind"

A person, concept, place, idea, theme are parallel to another.

"Satan and God, who he discusses by placing their traits in comparison with one another to highlight their differences."

Practice of not using the formal word for something and instead using another word linked to the formal word. 

"Washington D.C is metonymy for the goverment of the United States"

Phrase/word noted for possessing an extensive amount of understood loveliness or melody in sound created.

"Cellar door"

Postive characters rewarded while negative ones are penalized.

Harry Potter is the nemesis to Lord Voldemort.

A single chunk of lines in poetry.

“The greedy paddy cat,

Chased after the mice;

She got so round and fat,

But it tasted so nice”

Making fun of human weakness or flaws.

South Park makes fun of issues in the United States.

Something refers to the whole or vice versa.

"Weary feet in the walk of life" refers to lifes journey of highs and lows

Added to a persons name to state a special quality

"Alexander the great"