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Literary Terms
BVSW Fall Finals
41
English
9th Grade
12/16/2012

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Term
Flat
Definition
A minor character in a work of fiction who does not undergo substantial change or growth in the course of a story. Also referred to as "two-dimensional characters" or "static characters," flat characters play a supporting role to the main character, who as a rule should be round.
Term
Allusion
Definition
A brief reference to a person, event, or place, real or ficticious, or to a work of art. Casual reference to a famous historical or literary figure or event.
Term
Diction
Definition
The choice of language used by the speaker or writer. For instance a young adult uses different words, language, style depending on to whom s/he is speaking or writing.
Term
Characterization
Definition
The method used by a writer to develop a character. The method includes (1) showing the character's appearance, (2) displaying the character's actions, (3) revealing the character's thoughts, (4) letting the character speak, and (5) getting the reactions of others.
Term
Direct Characterization
Definition
The narrator or a character in the story tells us what we need to know about a character.
Term
Indirect Characterization
Definition
We find out about characters indirectly through thoughts, comments, or actions of the characters.
Term
Character
Definition
An imaginary person that inhabits a literary work. Literary characters may be major or minor, static (unchanging) or dynamic (capable of change).
Term
Protagonist
Definition
The main character in a literary work.
Term
Antagonist
Definition
Character that is the source of conflict in a literary work.
Term
Round
Definition
They grow or change in several ways - they think and react on many levels - they are central to the story, its conflicts, and its final message - we care about them and tend to react along with them to the things that happen.
Term
Static
Definition
Unchanging
Term
Dynamic
Definition
Capable of change.
Term
Motivation
Definition
Why a character does what he/she does. They are often feelings or logical conclusions, but can be also impulse based upon the actions or words of another. Every action has a motive. The reasons behind a character’s behavior.
Term
Conflict
Definition
The struggle found in fiction. It may be internal or external and is best seen in (1) Man in a fight with another Man: (2) Man in a fight against Nature; (3) Man in a fight with self.
Term
Internal Conflict
Definition
An argument or decision-making process within one character's mind. It has a motive and its resolution is important to the development of the plot.
Term
External Conflict
Definition
A fight, argument, disagreement or simply opposition in which two sides are present. Characters, themes, ideas, forces can all be examples.
Term
Imagery
Definition
Language that evokes one or all of the five senses: seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling, touching.
Term
Hyperbole
Definition
An exaggeration or overstatement.
Term
Simile
Definition
The comparison of two unlike things using like or as.
Term
Metaphor
Definition
The comparison of two UNLIKE things.
Term
Personification
Definition
Giving human qualities to animals or objects.
Term
Foreshadowing
Definition
The use of hints or clues to suggest what will happen later in literature.
Term
Inference
Definition
A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning.
Term
Irony
Definition
An implied discrepancy between what is said and what is meant. The use of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning; a statement or situation where the meaning is contradicted by the appearance or presentation of the idea.
Term
Dramatic Irony
Definition
When an audience perceives something that a character in the literature does not know.
Term
Situational Irony
Definition
A discrepency between the expected result and actual results.
Term
Verbal Irony
Definition
When an author says one thing and means something else.
Term
Mood
Definition
The emotional attitude the author takes towards his or her's subject.
Term
Tone
Definition
The attitude a writer takes towards a subject or character: serious, humorous, sarcastic, ironic, satirical, tongue-in-cheek, solemn, objective.
Term
Syntax
Definition
1: The way in which linguistic elements (as words) are put together to form constituents (as phrases or clauses). The part of grammar dealing with this
2 : A connected or orderly system : harmonious arrangement of parts or elements
3 : Syntactics especially as dealing with the formal properties of languages or calculi.
Term
Plot
Definition
The plan, scheme, or main story of a literary or dramatic work, as a play, novel, or short story.
Term
Exposition
Definition
The essential background information at the beginning of a literary work.
Term
Rising Action
Definition
The development of conflict and complications in a literary work.
Term
Climax
Definition
The turning point in a literary work.
Term
Resolution/denoument
Definition
The end of a literary work when loose ends are tied up and questions are answered.
Term
Point of View
Definition
In short fiction, who tells the story and how it is told are critical issues for an author to decide. The tone and feel of the story, and even its meaning, can change radically depending on who is telling the story.
Term
Setting
Definition
Determines Time and Place in fiction.
Term
Theme
Definition
The general idea or insight about life that a writer wishes to express. All of the elements of literary terms contribute to theme. A simple theme can often be stated in a single sentence.
Term
Dialogue
Definition
The direct speech between characters in a literary work.
Term
Monologue
Definition
One character speaking to self or directly to the audience.
Term
Falling Action
Definition
The results or effects of the climax of a literary work.
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