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Literary & Syntactic Terms
Literary & Syntactic Terms
35
English
8th Grade
09/21/2009

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Term
apostrophe
Definition
a form of personification in which the absent or dead are spoken too as if present and the inanimate, animate
Term
metaphor
Definition
a comparison of 2 things not using like or as
Term
paradox
Definition
occurs when elements of a statement contradict each other
Term
personificiation
Definition
the giving of human characteristics to inanimate objects or abstract ideas
Term
oxymoron
Definition
a form of paradox that combines a pair of opposite terms into a single unusual expression
Term
simile
Definition
a comparison of 2 things using like or as
Term
synecdoche
Definition
a part of something used to signify the whole
Term
declarative
Definition
a sentence tha6t makes a statement
Term
imperative
Definition
a sentence that gives a command
Term
interrogative
Definition
a sentence that asks a question
Term
exclamatory
Definition
a sentence that provides emphasis or uses strong emotion
Term
simple
Definition
one indepedent clause
Term
compound
Definition
two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction or by a semicolon
Term
complex
Definition
an independent clause and one or more subordinate clauses
Term
compound-complex
Definition
two or more independent clauses and one or more subordinate clause
Term
loose
Definition
makes complete sense if brought to a close before the actual end of the sentence
Term
periodic
Definition
makes sense fully only when the end of the sentence is reached
Term
balanced
Definition
phrases or clauses balance each other by virtue of their likeness of structure, meaning, or length
Term
antithetical
Definition
two statements that are balanced but opposite
Term
antimetabole
Definition
arrangement of ideas in the second clause in a reversal of the first
Term
asyndeton
Definition
deliberate ommission of conjunctions in a series of related clauses
Term
ellipsis
Definition
intentional ommission of a word or words that are readily implied by the context
Term
inverted order
Definition
a sentence with the predicate before the subject
Term
juxtaposition
Definition
a rhetorical device in which normally unnasociated ideas words or phrases are placed next to one another often creating an effect of surprise and wit
Term
natural order
Definition
constructing a sentence so the subject comes before the predicate
Term
parallelism
Definition
a grammatical or structural similarity between sentences or parts of a sentence. it involves an arrangement of words phrases sentences and paragraphs so that elements of equal importance are equally developed and similarly phrased
Term
polysyndeton
Definition
deliberate use of many conjunctions for special emphasis
Term
repitition
Definition
device in wich sounds words and ideas are used more than once to enhance rythm and create emphasis
Term
rhetorical question
Definition
a question that does not require an answer
Term
anaphora
Definition
repitition of the same word or group of words at the beginning of successive clauses
Term
anadiplosis
Definition
repitition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause
Term
epanalepsis
Definition
repitition at the end of a clause of the word that occured at the beginning of the clause
Term
epistrophe
Definition
repitition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive clauses
Term
rhetorical fragment
Definition
a sentence fragment used deliberately for a persuasive purpose or to create a desired effect
Term
understatement
Definition
a figure of speech in which the speaker says less that what he or she actually feels
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