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Lit Terms
Various Lit Terms
89
English
Undergraduate 1
12/14/2008

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Term
Accentual (strong-sylable) meter
Definition
only number of stressed syllables is fixed
Term
syllabic meter
Definition
total syllables fixed, number of stressed not
Term
accentual syllabic meter
Definition
both stressed and total number of syllables fixed
Term
quantitative meter
Definition
duration of sound determines meter, not stresses
Term
iamb
Definition
-/
Term
trochee
Definition
/-
Term
dactyl
Definition
/--
Term
anapest
Definition
--/
Term
spondee
Definition
//
Term
pyrrhic
Definition
--
Term
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 feet per line
Definition
mono
di
tri
tera
penta
hexa
hepta
octo meter
Term
blank verse
Definition
unrhymed iambic pentameter
Term
ballad
Definition
alternation tetrameter and trimeter
Term
masculine rhyme
Definition
single stressed syllable - "car" and "far"
Term
feminine rhyme
Definition
/- rhyme "mother" "brother"
Term
slant rhyme
Definition
imperfect rhyme
Term
terza rima
Definition
aba bcb cdc
Term
refrain
Definition
phrase, group of lines that is repeated throughout poem
Term
ottava rima
Definition
eight-line stanza, iambic pentameter, abababcc
Term
sestina
Definition
six six-line stanzeas followed by 3-line stanze, with same six words ending
Term
petrarchan sonnet
Definition
abbaabba or abbacddc octave and sestet
Term
Shakespearean sonnet
Definition
ababcdcdefefgg
Term
villanelle
Definition
19 lines five tercets and a final quatrain, only two rhymes, with two refrains
Term
aphorism
Definition
a concise expression of insight or wisdom
Term
ballad
Definition
a folk song telling a story or legend in simple language
Term
burlesque
Definition
a humorous imitation of a serious work
Term
confessional poetry
Definition
autobiographical, expressing personal truths
Term
Didactic Literature
Definition
lit that teaches or instructs
Term
Dirge
Definition
a short poetic expression of grief, meant to be sung, often part of larger work
Term
dramatic monologue
Definition
a poem where a character addresses a specific audience
Term
dystopic literature
Definition
imagined future society that is meant to be perfect, but is very inhuman
Term
eclogue
Definition
a short pastoral poem in form of soliloquy or dialogue between two shepherds
Term
Elegy
Definition
formal, laments death or friend or public figure
Term
epic
Definition
lengthy, describes heroic figure
Term
epigram
Definition
succinct, witty statement, often in verse
Term
lyric
Definition
short poetic composition that describes the thoughts of a single speaker. Most modern poetry is lyric (as opposed to dramatic or narrative)
Term
metafiction
Definition
concerns the nature of fiction itself, sometimes by drawing attention to its own fictional status or.
Term
bildungsroman
Definition
growing novel
Term
bildungsroman
Definition
growing novel
Term
epistolary novel
Definition
in the form of letters
Term
novel of ideas
Definition
a platform for discussing ideas
Term
novel of manners
Definition
focuses on social customs, manners
Term
picaresque novel
Definition
a realistic novel detailing a scoundrel's exploits, like don quixote
Term
verse novel
Definition
written in verse
Term
social protest novel
Definition
Term
ode
Definition
serious lyric poeem, often of significant length
Term
parable
Definition
uses allegory
Term
parody
Definition
humorous imitation of another author or work
Term
pastiche
Definition
imitation, not mockery, unlike parody
Term
pastoral
Definition
shepherd life
Term
farce
Definition
high energy comedy play buffoonery, slapstick
Term
miracle play
Definition
middle ages, featuring saints or virgin mary
Term
morality play
Definition
15 16centuries, allegory for christian struggle for salvation
Term
mystery play
Definition
play based on biblical story
Term
noh drama
Definition
ritualized form of japanese drama- masks, slow stylized movement
Term
problem play
Definition
confronts contemporary social problem with intent of changing public opinion
Term
tragicomedy
Definition
Term
primitivist literature
Definition
express preference for natural over artificial in human culture
Term
prose poem
Definition
without line breaks
Term
short-short story
Definition
Term
free indirect discourse - third person narration
Definition
narrator conveys character's inner thoughts
Term
reversal - in plot
Definition
a sudden shift that sends the protagonist's fortunes from good to bad or vice versa
Term
episodic plot
Definition
series of loosely connected events
Term
non sequitur plot
Definition
without clear sequence
Term
aposiopesis
Definition
breaking off of speech, often because of emotion
Term
apostrophe
Definition
a direct address of an absent or dead person
Term
chiasmus
Definition
two phrases in which the syntax is the same but the placement of words is reversed - to be beloved is all i need, and whom i love, i love indeed.
Term
conceit
Definition
elaborate parallel between two seemingly dissimilar objects
Term
epithet
Definition
Richard the Lionheart
Term
idiom
Definition
a common expression that had acquired a meaning different from its literal meaning "it's raining cats and dogs"
Term
litotes
Definition
understatement in which a statement is affirmed by negating its opposite "he is not unfriendly"
Term
meiosis
Definition
understatement, including litotes
Term
metonymy
Definition
the white house
Term
paralipsis
Definition
the technique of drawing attention to something by claiming not to mention it.
Term
parallelism
Definition
the use of similar grammatical structure to suggest comparison
Term
pathetic fallacy
Definition
the attibution of human feelings or motivation to a nonhuman object
Term
periphrasis
Definition
an elaborate and roundabout manner of speech that uses more words than necessary
Term
synecdoche
Definition
two heads are better than one
Term
trope
Definition
a category of figures of speech that exten the literal meanings of words by inviting a comparison to other words - metaphor, simile, metonymy etc
Term
zeugma
Definition
the use of one word in a sentence to modify two other words, in two different ways - "he took his hat and his leave"
Term
anagnorisis
Definition
holy cow moment, especially in Greek tragedy
Term
bathos
Definition
a sudden switch from profound to superficial or trivial
Term
deus ex machina
Definition
god interferes to solve problems "god from a machine"
Term
in medias res
Definition
"in the middle of things" starting a narrative in the middle of the action
Term
invocation
Definition
a prayer for inspiration to a god or muse, usually at beginning of epic
Term
romantic irony
Definition
an author's persistent reminding of his or her presence in the work
Term
cosmic irony
Definition
perception of fate or universe as malicious or indifferent to human suffering
Term
pathos
Definition
the quality in a work of lit that evokes high emotion
Term
emblem
Definition
a concrete object that represents something abstract - star of david
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