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| A story with two or more levels of meaning: literal and symbolic |
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| The representation of persons in narrative and dramatic works using the character types. |
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| The turning point or crisis, from which no return seems possible, a moment of great intensity. |
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| the use of roundabout language to replace colloquial terms that are considered too blunt or unpleasant |
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| Sets the scene in time and place. Provides the context for the action. |
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| A scene that interrupts the action to show a previous event. |
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| The use of hints or clues in a narrative to suggest future action. |
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| the reader / audience knows more about the immediate circumstances or future events of a story than a character within it; thus the audience can see a discrepancy between characters' perceptions and the reality they face. |
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| the situation turns out differently from what one would normally expect |
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| the speaker or narrator says one thing while meaning the opposite. |
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| The atmosphere or predominant emotion in a literary work. The emotional-intellectual attitude of the author toward the subject. |
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| Words that by their sound suggest their meaning |
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| The imitative use of words, style, attitude, tone, and ideas of an author in such a way as to make them ridiculous. A type of satire. |
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| The sequence of events or actions in a short story, novel, play or narrative poem. |
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| A play on words that are similar in sound but have sharply diverse meanings. |
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| The use of verbal irony in which a person appears to be praising something but is actually insulting it, e.g. “She’s a real winner.” When she’s just fallen from the podium. Personal, jeering and intended to hurt. It is a caustic and bitter expression of strong disapproval. |
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| A conventional formulaic and oversimplified conception, opinion or image. |
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