Term
| cell membranes are _____% lipids by mass |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 types of membrane lipids? |
|
Definition
1. phospholipids
-glycerophospolipids
-sphingolipids
2. glycosphingolipids
3. cholesterol |
|
|
Term
| what is the most abundant lipid in cell membranes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is glycerophospolipids composed of? |
|
Definition
-glycerol
-2 fatty acids
-phosphate
-amino alcohol |
|
|
Term
| in glycerophospolipids the amino alcohol is attached through _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 possible amino acids that could be part of glycerophospolipids? |
|
Definition
choline
serine
ethanolamine |
|
|
Term
| glycerophospolipids lecithins contain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| glycerophospolipids cephalins contain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is lecithins found? |
|
Definition
| in egg yolks, wheat germ, yeast |
|
|
Term
| what is lecithins used as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cephalins are common in what kind of tissue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is sphingolipids composed of? |
|
Definition
-sphingosine (18 carbon amino dialcohol)
-1 fatty acid
-sometimes a phosphate/amino alcohol |
|
|
Term
| where is sphingolipids important? |
|
Definition
| in membranes around brain & nervous tissues (myelin) |
|
|
Term
| what do glycosphingolipids contain? |
|
Definition
-sphingosine
-fatty acid
-carbohydrate |
|
|
Term
| glycosphingolipids are involved in? |
|
Definition
-cellular recognition
-tissue immunity
-receptors for hormones |
|
|
Term
| cerebrosides have carb that is ____ or ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| accounts for 7% of dry mass of brain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ganglisodes are carb that have _____ |
|
Definition
| 2 or more saccharide units |
|
|
Term
| where is ganglisodes common? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a fused structure of 4 rings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the most abundant steroid in the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is cholesterol found? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cholesterol is a starting material for? |
|
Definition
bile salts
vitamin D
steroid hormones |
|
|
Term
| cholesterol is found only in ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cell membranes separate _____ from _____ |
|
Definition
| cellular contents from the external environment |
|
|
Term
| regulate flow in and out of cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the phosopholipid bilayer? |
|
Definition
-polar heads on surfaces
-nonpolar tails in the center |
|
|
Term
| cell membranes also contain |
|
Definition
protein
carbohydrate
cholesterol |
|
|
Term
| what makes cell membrane fluid-like rather than rigid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the two proteins of fluid mosaic model are? |
|
Definition
peripheral(on surface)
integral(pass completely through) |
|
|
Term
| particles move from a higher to a lower concentration |
|
Definition
| diffusion(passive transport) |
|
|
Term
| particles diffuse through "tunnels" created by integral proteins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ions move against a concentration gradient so that means its going from low to high concentration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| active transport requires? |
|
Definition
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