Term
| General purposes of fats in body |
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Definition
Cell membrane
Insulator
Energy 9 kcal/gram
Hormones |
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Term
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Definition
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
Sterols |
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Term
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Definition
| 1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids (can be same or different) |
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Term
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Definition
| Organic compounds composed of a C chain with H's attached, and an acid group (COOH) at one end and a methyl group (CH3) at the other end. Even # of C |
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Term
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Definition
Max # of H possible
Sat fat is composed of triglycerides in which most of the fatty acids are saturated |
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Term
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Definition
Lacks H and has at least 1 double bond between C's
Unsat fat is composed of triglycerides in which most of the fatty acids are unsat. |
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Term
Monounsaturated fatty acid
Polyunsaturated fatty acid |
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Definition
Lacks 2 H and has 1 double bond between C's.
Lacks 4 or more H and has 2 or more double bonds between C's |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
degree of unsaturation
polyunsat are liquid
sat are solid
Shorter carbon chain = softer |
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Term
| How is oil protected from becoming rancid? 3 ways |
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Definition
1. Seal oil in dark fridge
2. Add BHE BHT or Vitamin E
3. Hydrogenation (add H, alters texture) |
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Term
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Definition
[image]
Cis: H's on same side
Trans: H's on opposite sides
Trans act like sat fat |
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Term
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Definition
| Compound similar to a triglyceride but having a phosphate group and choline in place of one of the fatty acids. |
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Term
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Definition
| Make up cell membrane (fatty acid hydrophobic tails with glycerol hydrophilic heads. Soluble in fat and water. Emulsifiers |
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Term
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Definition
| Compound containing a 4-ring C structure with any of a variety of side chains attached |
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Term
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Definition
Bile acid
Hormones
Vitamin D |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Lipid digestion in Stomach |
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Definition
| Makes fat into smallest droplets |
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Term
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Definition
| CCK tells gallbladder to release bile which emulsifies fat. Pancreatic lipase digests emulsified fat |
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Term
| Describe emulsification of fat by bile |
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Definition
| Bile brings fat and water together which converts fat into droplets (micelles). This means more fat is exposed to enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
Small molecules will diffuse.
Large molecules are emulsified into micelles and then diffused. |
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Term
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Definition
| Clusters of lipids associated with proteins that serve as transport vehicles for lipids in the lymph and blood |
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Term
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Definition
Type of lipoprotein. Transports liquids from intestinal cells to rest of body.
Mainly triglycerides, little protein. Lowest density |
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Term
| Very Low Density Lipoproteins |
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Definition
| Type of lipoprotein made primarily by liver cells to transport lipids to various tissues in body. Half triglyceride |
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Term
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Definition
| Lipoprotein derived from VLDL as triglycerides are removed and broken down. Half cholesterol |
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Term
| High Density Lipoproteins |
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Definition
| Lipoprotein that transports cholestrol back to liver from cells. Half protein |
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Term
| Healthy Range of HDL and LDL |
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Definition
LDL ≤ 100mg/dL
HDL ≥ 60 mg/dL |
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Term
| Purpose of adipose tissue |
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Definition
| Stores triglycerides, Secrete hormones, Skin insulation, Shock absorption, Cell membrane, Cell signaling pathways |
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Term
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Definition
Must be from diet
Body can derive other Omega-6 fatty acids from LINOLEIC acid
Body can derive other Omega-3 fatty acids from LINOLENIC acid |
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Term
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Definition
| Compounds similar to hormones that act locally with a variety of functions. |
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Term
| Lipids in relation to CVD |
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Definition
| Elevated LDL (caused by sat fat and trans fat) Restricts diameter of blood vessels |
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Term
| Lipids in relation to cancer |
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Definition
| Promotes but doesn't cause |
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Term
| Lipids in relation to obesity |
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Definition
| Cutting fat will cut kcal intake because Fat = 9 kcal/gram and carbs/protein = 4 kcal/gram |
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Term
| Fat intake recommendations |
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Definition
20-35% from fat
Linoleic acid 5-10%
Linolenic acid .6-1.2% |
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