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Linux Review
CIT356 Final
78
Computer Science
Undergraduate 3
05/02/2011

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Cards

Term
Software
Definition
Collection of instructions that control the tasks a computer performs
Term
OS
Definition
Software that helps other programs control computer hardware and interact with users
Term
OS Functions
Definition
1. Initialize computer hardware
2. Allocate system resources to programs
3. Keep track of multiple programs running at same time
4. Provide organized method for all programs to use system devices
Term
OS Components
Definition
1. Kernel
2. Device drivers
3. Shell
4. Utility programs
5. Graphical user interface (GUI)
Term
Application
Definition
Software program that provides service for computer user
Term
Unix originated...
Definition
Created at AT&T Bell Labs in early 1970's
Term
Unix was designed...
Definition
To control networked computers that were shared by many users
Term
Linux Drove Unix out of the market by
Definition
Features and Low cost
Term
Linux's Creator
Definition
Linus Trovalds
Term
Linux development method
Definition
i. Person identifies need and begins writing program
ii. Developer announces project on Internet
iii. Forking – creating new projects based on existing code
Term
Version Numbering
Definition
i. Kernel version number components
ii. Major version number
iii. Minor version number
iv. Even indicates production release
v. Odd indicates development release
vi. Patch-level number
Term
Root Directory (Parent of all directories)
Definition
"/"
Term
User Sub-directory (Contains files and subdirectories)
Definition
"/dirname"
Term
Home directory
Definition
Subdirectory where all personal files are stored
Term
pwd
Definition
present working directory
Term
cd
Definition
change directory
Term
mkdir
Definition
make directory
Term
rmdir
Definition
remove directory
Term
mv
Definition
move
Term
ls
Definition
list
Term
cat
Definition
look, modify or combine a file
Term
touch
Definition
create file
Term
file
Definition
file type
Term
cp
Definition
copy
Term
Linux Shell-General Details
Definition
Command program
Accepts input from the keyboard
uses input to run commands or otherwise control the computer
Term
Shell Prompt
Definition
Makes it easy for uses to run programs and work with files in linux
Run programs
Pass Parameters to program being started
Term
Bourne Shell-
Definition
Original Shell for linux
Term
Bash
Definition
Default Shell for all linux systems
Term
Shell Behavior
Definition
If command succeeds, no response
If command fails, error message printed
I/O a. STDIN-Standard Input-Keyboard
STOUT-Standard Output-Monitor
STDERR-Standard Error
Term
shell command-history
Definition
display command history
Term
shell command-alias
Definition
alter command options for future use
Term
shell commands-env
Definition
display environmental variables
Term
shell command-set
Definition
set environmental variables
Term
Shell commands- |
Definition
pipe operator
Term
Root
Definition
administrative user that can perform any operation
Term
Regular user accounts
Definition
assigned to users who log into system
Term
special user accounts
Definition
used by linux programs
Term
Groups
Definition
collection of user accounts which can be collectively granted access to files and directories
Term
Group listed at
Definition
/etc/groups
Term
vigr
Definition
edits group file
Term
User Accounts listed in
Definition
etc/passwd
Term
hashed representations of user passwords are located in
Definition
etc/shadow
Term
User management commands- id
Definition
shows current user ID
Term
User Management commands- whoami
Definition
shows current username
Term
User Management Commands-groups
Definition
lists all groups you are a member of
Term
User Management commands-who
Definition
list all regular users on system
Term
User management Commands-Useradd
Definition
add new users
Term
user management commands- passwd
Definition
set/change users passwords
Term
User Management Commands-groupadd
Definition
add new user group
Term
User Management Commands-usermod
Definition
modify user accounts
Term
User Management Commands-usermod
Definition
modify user accounts
Term
User Management Commands-groupmod
Definition
modify groups
Term
User Management Commands- userdel
Definition
delete users
Term
User Management Commands-groupdel
Definition
delete group
Term
File Permissions
Definition
read, write, execute
Term
Permissions are granted by
Definition
who the owner is and which group is assigned to object
Term
Files and directories have
Definition
an owner and group
Term
File management commands-chown
Definition
change user and group assigned to file or directory
Term
File management commands-chgrp
Definition
change groups assigned to file or directory
Term
File management commands-chmod
Definition
change file permissions
Term
File management commands-df
Definition
"disk free" disk space
Term
File management commands-ln
Definition
link- used to create symbolic (-s) and hard links
Term
File management commands-mount/unmount
Definition
used to access file systems
Term
file systems-inode
Definition
holds file information/unique ID, doues not contain file name
Term
file systems-file record
Definition
links file name to inode
Term
file systems-wget
Definition
download web pages
Term
file systems-ftp
Definition
file transfer protocol
Term
Networking Commands-ifconfig
Definition
interface configuration
Term
Network Commands-ping
Definition
send diagnostic data packet to specified computer/ verify connectivity
Term
network command-traceroute
Definition
track routers between you and destination host
Term
network command-service
Definition
start or stop networking
Term
network commands-arp
Definition
displays arp cache for network troubleshooting
Term
network command ifup/ifdown
Definition
scripts that manage singe interfaces
Term
RIP
Definition
Routing Information protocols
Term
OSPF
Definition
Open Shortest Path First
Term
Interior protocol
Definition
designed for routing packets among networks under your control
Term
exterior protocols
Definition
designed for routing packets between networks controlled by different organizations
Term
BGP
Definition
Border Gateway Protocol
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