e, o, (no vowel)

gon/ gen/ gn

a, e, i

tag/ teg/ tig

frag/ frang

adding n or m after vowel

cer / cre

switching of two sounds

semi-/hemi-

Latin (s) / Greek (h)

n -> m / __(p, b, m)

Affects prefixes that end in 'n'

Sound changes to become exactly like nearby sound

Look for double letters (other than mm)

s -> r / V__V

affects roots that have allomorphs ending in 's' and 'r'

a - e - i - ai

[c] - o - u - au

b^h - b - p - f

d^h - d - t - Θ

g^h - g - k - h