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Lindsay Reed
Medical Terminology
20
Medical
Not Applicable
05/21/2019

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Term
RBE (Relative biologic effectiveness)
Definition
relative capabilities of radiation with differing LETs to produce a particular biologic reaction
Term
Point lesion
Definition
radiation interacts with DNA macromolecule, energy transferred could rupture one of its chemical bond
Term
Mutation
Definition
loss or change of a base on DNA chain
Term
Effects of Irradiation on entire cell
Definition
Instant death, reproductive death, apoptosis, mitotic death, miotic death, interference with function
Term
Linear energy transfer (LET)
Definition
average energy deposited per unit of track
Term
Oxygen Enhancement Ratio
Definition
radiation dose required to cause particular biologic response of cells or organisms in an oxygen deprived environment to the radiation dose required to cause identical response under normal oxygenated conditions
Term
Two types of chromosome anomalies that have been observed at metaphase
Definition
Chromosome aberrations, chromatid aberrations
Term
Restitution
Definition
breaks rejoin in their original configuration with no visible damage
Term
Deletion
Definition
Part of chromosome or chromatid is lost at next cell division
Term
Broken end rearrangement
Definition
grossly misshapen chromosome may be produced
Term
Cell survival curve
Definition
classic method of displaying the sensitivity of a particular type of cell to radiation
Term
Lymphocytes
Definition
most radiosensitive cell
Term
Hematologic Depression
Definition
ionizing radiation adversely affects blood cells by depressing number of cells in peripheral circulation
Term
Thrombocytes
Definition
initiate blood clotting and prevent hemorrhage
Term
Law of Bergonic and Tribondeau
Definition
most pronounced radiation effects occur in cells with the least maturity nd specialization, the greatest reproductive activity, longest mitotic phases
Term
Target Theory
Definition
radiation damage resulting from discrete and random events
Term
Direct Action Characteristics
Definition
DNA, RNA, Proteins, Enzymes
Term
Wave particle duality
Definition
streams of particles called photos, has no mass and no charge
Term
Chromosome breakage
Definition
double strand break in same rung of DNA ladder like structure
Term
Insensitive to radiation
Definition
muscle tissue
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