Term
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Definition
long and short term memory
emotional motor response involved in defense and reproduction |
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Term
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Definition
| if an axon of pre-synaptic neuron is active while post-synaptic neuron is firing, the synapse between them will be strengthened (LTP/Long term potentiation) |
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Term
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Definition
neurotransmitter=glutamate (Excitatory)
glutamate receptors= AMPA & NMDA
NMDA receptors blocked by Mg initially
activation of AMPA depolarizes and dislodges Mg block of NMDA |
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Term
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Definition
Classical conditioning (learning)
pavlov's dog
AMPA and NMDA upregulate |
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Term
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Definition
origin of seizures was temporal lobe
intelligence was not impaired
difficulty learning and retaining new info
hippocampus= memory
amygdala= emotion
anterograde & retrograde amnesia
similar to alzheimers |
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Term
| Temporal Lobe structures involved in amnesia |
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Definition
Amygdala= emotion
Hippocampus= consolidation of memory
Entorhinal cortex
Mammillary Nucleus-recognition memory |
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Term
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Definition
orbito-frontal
cingulate gyrus
parahippocampal gyrus
hippocampal formation
subcortical nuclei:
septal nuclei, amygdaloid complex, dorsal thalamus |
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Term
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Definition
dentate gyrus: new memeories
subiculum:pyramidal neurons
Alveus: innermost, major output, wall of lateral vent, contains axons from cell bodies originating in hippocampus and subiculum |
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Term
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Definition
polymorphic
granule cell
molecular |
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Term
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Definition
polymorphic
pyramidal: CA3
Molecular: mossy fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| GABAergic, synapse onto CA3, found in molecular layer of hippocampus |
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Term
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Definition
| entorhinal cortex provides major input to hippocampal formation |
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Term
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Definition
axons are from pyramidal cells of entorhinal cortex
axons synape onto dentate granule cells and subiculum
granule cells project (mossy fibers) to CA3 molecular layer
CA3 project to CA1 which project to subiculum |
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Term
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Definition
Alveus: output- formed from cells of subiculum and pyramidal cells
Fornix: output pathway 4 parts |
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Term
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Definition
fimbria: fiber tracts
crus: continuation of fimbria after hippocampus terminates
body: post commissure fibres
column: at anterior commissure divides into pre and post commisural parts |
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Term
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Definition
project to septal nuclei
preoptic and anterior nuclei of hypothalamic nuclei |
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Term
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Definition
| terminates into mammillary bodies |
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Term
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Definition
entorhinal cortex->dentate via perforant path-->mossy fibers-->ca3-->ca1-->subiculum-->bifurcates at ant commisure.
pre-commisure--> septal nucleus
post commisure--> mammillary bodies-->mammalothalamic tract-->ant thalamic nucleus-->cingulate gyrus-->cingulum-->entorhinal cortex |
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Term
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Definition
prolonged Vit B (thiamine) deficiency typically seen in alcoholics
degeneration of mamillary bodies and postcommissural fornix. Short term memory deficit |
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Term
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Definition
cA1= primary output, damge results in anterograde amnesia, minimal retrograde
hippocampal formation damage= retrograde amnesia dating 15 years back |
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Term
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Definition
collection of nuclei within rostral temporal lobe
fear and irritability/anger |
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Term
| Amygdaloid complex divisions: basolateral nucleus |
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Definition
| key role in attaching emotional significance to a stimulus |
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Term
| Amygdaloid complex divisions: |
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Definition
basolateral
central nucleus
corticomedial |
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Term
| Efferent Output pathways: Stria Terminalis |
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Definition
| carries effernet fibers from corticomedial divison to to septal nucleus (precommisural) and hypothalamic nuclei |
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Term
| Efferent output pathways: ventral amygdalofugal pathway |
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Definition
carries efferent nerve fibers from central nucleus, descends brainstem, and basolateral nucleus to hypothalamus and thalamus dorsal medial nucleus
PAG modulates pain info |
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Term
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Definition
bilateral lesion of temporal lobe, abolishing amygdaloid complex
behavioral dysfunctions:
visual agnosia (psychic blindness), hypermetamorphosis (compulsion to explore and place objects in mouth), placidity, hyperphagia (excessive eating), hypersexuality |
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